Review: The article examines the resolutions of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (USSR) as the least studied written source on the history of government and legislature. In these resolutions, according to the author, apart from ideological factors, there are also interrelated directions of governing, administrative and educational natures, which are specifically directed at judges and executives at all levels of the judicial system. However, the most important aspect in understanding the unique content of this type of source is, in the opinion of the author, that the higher courts did not make the resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the RSFSR and USSR into merely a source of political influence on the courts, but skillfully used its possibilities in professional ideology and court administration. In the article the author masterfully used general and specific scientific methods of knowledge in an informatively meaningful unity and in complex combination, including: analysis and synthesis, abstraction, system-structural, historical-genetic, comparative-legislative, typological and other methods. In describing the material the author chose the dialectic method of knowledge, acting in the role of the methodological basis for writing the article, the main principles of which (the principle of development and the principle of historicism) were used as the base for the study of the work's topic. The scientific novelty of the article lies in it turning to the questions of understanding the place and role of the resolutions of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the RSFSR (Soviet Union) as sources of understanding government-legislative phenomena. In the text the author analyzes the characteristics of this specific carrier of historical information in the field of methodology and method of applying and using it in the research work of the historian-jurist.

Keywords: resolution, Plenum, Supreme Court, role, place, history, source, classification, knowledge, information

References:
Nersesyants V.S. Obshchaya teoriya prava i gosudarstva. M., 1999. S. 78.
Terebilov V.I. Sovetskiy sud. M., 1973. S. 132.
Livshits R.Z. Sudebnaya praktika kak istochnik prava // Sudebnaya praktika kak istochnik prava. M., 1997. S. 5.
Sheynin Kh.B. Rukovodyashchie raz'yasneniya Verkhovnogo Suda SSSR – vazhnoe sredstvo ukrepleniya sotsialisticheskoy zakonnosti // Verkhovnyy Sud SSSR / Pod red. L.N. Smirnova, V.V. Kulikova, B.S. Nikiforova. M., 1974. S. 142.
Smirnov L.N. 50 let Verkhovnogo Suda SSSR // Verkhovnyy Sud SSSR. M., 1970. S. 9.
Pigolkin A.S. Tolkovanie normativnykh aktov v SSSR. M., 1962. S. 131-150.
Alekseev S.S. Problemy teorii prava. Sverdlovsk, 1972. T. 2. S. 196-197.
Sbornik postanovleniy Plenumov Verkhovnykh Sudov SSSR i RSFSR (Rossiyskoy Federatsii) po ugolovnym delam / Sost. A.Ya. Kachanov, S.N. Zabarin, A.L. Solov'ev. M.: Spark, 2000. S. 311, 342, 388.
Koni A.F. Nravstvennye nachala v ugolovnom protsesse. Obshchie cherty sudebnoy etiki. Sobr. soch. v 8 tomakh. T. 4. M., 1967. S. 54.
Koblikov A.S. Yuridicheskaya etika. Uchebnik dlya vuzov. M., 1999. S. 37.
Sbornik postanovleniy Plenumov Verkhovnykh Sudov SSSR i RSFSR (Rossiyskoy Federatsii) po ugolovnym delam / Sost. A.Ya. Kachanov, S.N. Zabarin, A.L. Solov'ev. M.: Spark, 2000.
Sbornik postanovleniy Plenuma Verkhovnogo Suda SSSR 1924-1970 gg. M., 1970. S. 34.
Byulleten' Verkhovnogo Suda SSSR. 1971. ¹ 4. S. 7.
Marks K. Razmyshleniya yunoshi pri vybore professii. M., 1928. Soch. T. 1. S. 419.
Sbornik postanovleniy Plenuma Verkhovnogo Suda SSSR 1924-1970 gg. M., 1970. S. 253-254.
GARF. F. 8131. Op. 12. D. 109. L. 4.
Sbornik postanovleniy Plenuma Verkhovnogo Suda SSSR 1924-1970 gg. M., 1970.
Sbornik postanovleniy Plenuma i opredeleniy kollegiy Verkhovnogo Suda SSSR po voprosam ugolovnogo protsessa. 1946-1962 gg. M., 1964. S. 47.
Sbornik deystvuyushchikh Postanovleniy Plenuma i Direktivnykh pisem Verkhovnogo suda SSSR 1924-1944 gg. / pod red. I.T. Golyakova. M.: Yuridicheskoe izdatel'stvo Ministerstva yustitsii SSSR, 1946. S. 6-10, 53, 69.
Sbornik deystvuyushchikh Postanovleniy Plenuma i Direktivnykh pisem Verkhovnogo suda SSSR 1924-1944 gg. / pod red. I.T. Golyakova. M.: Yuridicheskoe izdatel'stvo Ministerstva yustitsii SSSR, 1946. S. 7.
Sbornik dokumentov po istorii ugolovnogo zakonodatel'stva SSSR i RSFSR 1917-1952 gg. M.: Gosyurizdat, 1953. S. 335-336.
Istoriya Sovetskogo gosudarstva i prava. M.: Gosyurizdat, 1949. S. 331.

References (transliteration):
Nersesyants V.S. Obshchaya teoriya prava i gosudarstva. M., 1999. S. 78.
Terebilov V.I. Sovetskiy sud. M., 1973. S. 132.
Livshits R.Z. Sudebnaya praktika kak istochnik prava // Sudebnaya praktika kak istochnik prava. M., 1997. S. 5.
Sheynin Kh.B. Rukovodyashchie raz'yasneniya Verkhovnogo Suda SSSR – vazhnoe sredstvo ukrepleniya sotsialisticheskoy zakonnosti // Verkhovnyy Sud SSSR / Pod red. L.N. Smirnova, V.V. Kulikova, B.S. Nikiforova. M., 1974. S. 142.
Smirnov L.N. 50 let Verkhovnogo Suda SSSR // Verkhovnyy Sud SSSR. M., 1970. S. 9.
Pigolkin A.S. Tolkovanie normativnykh aktov v SSSR. M., 1962. S. 131-150.
Alekseev S.S. Problemy teorii prava. Sverdlovsk, 1972. T. 2. S. 196-197.
Sbornik postanovleniy Plenumov Verkhovnykh Sudov SSSR i RSFSR (Rossiyskoy Federatsii) po ugolovnym delam / Sost. A.Ya. Kachanov, S.N. Zabarin, A.L. Solov'ev. M.: Spark, 2000. S. 311, 342, 388.
Koni A.F. Nravstvennye nachala v ugolovnom protsesse. Obshchie cherty sudebnoy etiki. Sobr. soch. v 8 tomakh. T. 4. M., 1967. S. 54.
Koblikov A.S. Yuridicheskaya etika. Uchebnik dlya vuzov. M., 1999. S. 37.
Sbornik postanovleniy Plenumov Verkhovnykh Sudov SSSR i RSFSR (Rossiyskoy Federatsii) po ugolovnym delam / Sost. A.Ya. Kachanov, S.N. Zabarin, A.L. Solov'ev. M.: Spark, 2000.
Sbornik postanovleniy Plenuma Verkhovnogo Suda SSSR 1924-1970 gg. M., 1970. S. 34.
Byulleten' Verkhovnogo Suda SSSR. 1971. ¹ 4. S. 7.
Marks K. Razmyshleniya yunoshi pri vybore professii. M., 1928. Soch. T. 1. S. 419.
Sbornik postanovleniy Plenuma Verkhovnogo Suda SSSR 1924-1970 gg. M., 1970. S. 253-254.
GARF. F. 8131. Op. 12. D. 109. L. 4.
Sbornik postanovleniy Plenuma Verkhovnogo Suda SSSR 1924-1970 gg. M., 1970.
Sbornik postanovleniy Plenuma i opredeleniy kollegiy Verkhovnogo Suda SSSR po voprosam ugolovnogo protsessa. 1946-1962 gg. M., 1964. S. 47.
Sbornik deystvuyushchikh Postanovleniy Plenuma i Direktivnykh pisem Verkhovnogo suda SSSR 1924-1944 gg. / pod red. I.T. Golyakova. M.: Yuridicheskoe izdatel'stvo Ministerstva yustitsii SSSR, 1946. S. 6-10, 53, 69.
Sbornik deystvuyushchikh Postanovleniy Plenuma i Direktivnykh pisem Verkhovnogo suda SSSR 1924-1944 gg. / pod red. I.T. Golyakova. M.: Yuridicheskoe izdatel'stvo Ministerstva yustitsii SSSR, 1946. S. 7.
Sbornik dokumentov po istorii ugolovnogo zakonodatel'stva SSSR i RSFSR 1917-1952 gg. M.: Gosyurizdat, 1953. S. 335-336.
Istoriya Sovetskogo gosudarstva i prava. M.: Gosyurizdat, 1949. S. 331.

Review: One of the most important questions in the history of the Ancient Rus town is craftsmanship. Craft formed the base of the economic life of a village, and it was the most important defining feature differentiating the Medieval town from other forms of settlement. Through the long period of studying Great Novgorod and due to the large-scale archaeological excavations conducted there, a unique collection of Ancient antiquities has been assembled. In this collection a particular place is taken by a set of metal tools used for production, including metalwork. These tools are a unique source for the study of Medieval blacksmithing. The tools’ classification and dating has been carried out on the basis of the existing typologies, developed by B. A. Kolchin and N. V. Ryndina, as well as with the input of the data from the stratification of Medieval cultural strata and the method of dendrochronology. Additionally, Medieval book miniatures were also used for the identification of many tools, as well as ethnographic material, contemporaneous blacksmith manuals and tool compendiums. As a result of the conducted analysis, 221 objects have been revealed that pertain to metalworking tools. These objects were then divided into ten application groups: supporting, impacting, chopping, cutting, underlying, gripping, clamping, for applying decoration, shaping and auxiliary. The chronological periods of use for one or another group of instruments have also been identified. Due to these discoveries it has become possible to compose a detailed picture of the set-up and equipping of production workshops during various stages of the town’s development.

Keywords: Medieval Novgorod, production, metalworking, blacksmithing, jewelry craft, metal tools, technical operations, classification, typology, chronology

References:
Kolchin B. A. Chernaya metallurgiya i metalloobrabotka v Drevney Rusi (domongol'skiy period) // Materialy i issledovaniya po arkheologii SSSR. Vyp. ¹ 32. M.: Izdatel'stvo Akademii nauk SSSR, 1953. 259 s.
Ryndina N. V. Tekhnologiya proizvodstva novgorodskikh yuvelirov X–XV vv. // Novye metody v arkheologii. Trudy Novgorodskoy arkheologicheskoy ekspeditsii. Tom III / Materialy i issledovaniya po arkheologii SSSR. Vyp. ¹ 117 / Pod red. A. V. Artsikhovskogo i B. A. Kolchina. M.: Izdatel'stvo Akademii nauk SSSR, 1963. S. 200–268.
Kolchin B. A. Zhelezoobrabatyvayushchee remeslo Novgoroda Velikogo (produktsiya, tekhnologiya) // Trudy Novgorodskoy arkheologicheskoy ekspeditsii. Tom II / Materialy i issledovaniya po arkheologii SSSR. Vyp. ¹ 65 / Pod red. A. V. Artsikhovskogo i B. A. Kolchina. M.: Izdatel'stvo Akademii nauk SSSR, 1959. S. 7–120.
Brepol' E. Teoriya i praktika yuvelirnogo dela. SPb.: Solo, 2000. 528 s.
Ryabinin E. A. Novye otkrytiya v Staroy Ladoge (itogi raskopok na Zemlyanom gorodishche 1973–1975 gg.) // Srednevekovaya Ladoga. Novye arkheologicheskie otkrytiya i issledovaniya / Otv. red. V. V. Sedov. L.: Nauka, 1985. S. 27–76.
Zakurina T. Yu. Orudiya metalloobrabotki i oborudovanie masterskikh v srednevekovom Pskove // Kratkie soobshcheniya Instituta arkheologii RAN. 2006. Vyp. ¹ 220. S. 111–120.
Zaytseva I. E. Yuvelirnyy instrumentariy Serenskogo gorodishcha (XII–XIV vv.) // Khudozhestvennyy metall Rossii. Materialy konferentsii pamyati G. N. Bocharova. M.: Izdatel'skiy tsentr RGGU, 2001. S. 372–385.
Sedov V. V. Sel'skie poseleniya tsentral'nykh rayonov Smolenskoy zemli // Materialy i issledovaniya po arkheologii SSSR. Vyp. ¹ 92. M.: Izdatel'stvo Akademii nauk SSSR, 1960. 156 s.
Kochkurkina S. I. Arkheologicheskie pamyatniki korely V–XV vv. L.: Nauka,1981. 160 s.
Kivikoski E. Die Eisenzeit Finnlands. Bildwerk und Text. Helsinki: Weilin & Goos; Neuausg edition, 1973. 150 S.
Müller-Wille M. Der frühmittelalterliche Schmied in Spiegel skandinavischer Grabfunde // Frühmittelalterliche Studien (Jahrbuch des Instituts für Frühmittelalterforschung der Universität Münster, Band 11) / Karl Hauck. Berlin; New York: Walter de Gruyter, 1977. S. 127–201.
Pleiner. R. Staré evropské kovářství. Praha: Nakladatelství Československé akademie věd, 1962. 331 s.
Kolchin B. A. Remeslo // Arkheologiya SSSR. Drevnyaya Rus'. Gorod. Zamok. Selo / Pod red. B. A. Rybakova. M.: Nauka, 1985. S. 243–297.
Ryabinin E. A. U istokov remeslennogo proizvodstva v Ladoge (k istorii obshchebaltiyskikh svyazey v predvikingskuyu epokhu) // Novye istochniki po arkheologii Severo-Zapada / Pod red. V. M. Masona i E. N. Nosova. SPb.: Institut istorii material'noy kul'tury RAN, 1994. S. 5–59.
Arwidsson G., Berg G. The Mästermyr find. A Viking Age Tool Chest from Gotland. Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell International, 1983. 96 p.
Naumov A. N. Chernaya metallurgiya i zhelezoobrabotka na sel'skikh pamyatnikakh Kulikova polya v kontse XII – tret'ey chetverti XIV vv. Tula: Gosudarstvennyy muzey zapovednik «Kulikovo pole», 2008. 255 s.
Zhiganov M. F. Iz istorii remesla, domashnego proizvodstva i torgovykh svyazey mordvy v XIII–XIV vv. // Alikhova A. E., Zhiganov M. F., Stepanov P. D. Iz drevney i srednevekovoy istorii mordovskogo naroda / Arkheologicheskiy sbornik. Tom II. Saransk: Mordovskoe knizhnoe izdatel'stvo, 1959. 207 s.
Kolchin B. A., Khoroshev A. S., Yanin V. L. Usad'ba novgorodskogo khudozhnika XII v. M.: Nauka, 1981. 168 s.
Die Hausbücher der Nürnberger Zwölfbruderstiftungen // [Elektronnyy resurs] – URL: http://www.nuernberger-hausbuecher.de/ (data obrashcheniya: 15.12.2015).
Kolchin B. A. Tekhnika obrabotki metalla v Drevney Rusi. M.: Gosudarstvennoe nauchno-tekhnicheskoe izdatel'stvo mashinostroitel'noy i sudostroitel'noy literatury, 1953. 160 s.
Flerov A. V. Materialovedenie i tekhnologiya khudozhestvennoy obrabotki metallov. M.: Vysshaya shkola, 1981. 288 s.
Darkevich V. P., Borisevich G. V. Drevnyaya stolitsa ryazanskoy zemli. M.: Krug', 1995. 448 s.
Sedova M. V. Yaropolch Zalesskiy. M.: Nauka, 1978. 158 s.
Gurevich F. D. Drevniy Novogrudok. Posad – okol'nyy gorod. L.: Nauka, 1981. 155 s.
Leont'ev A. E. Arkheologiya meri (K predystorii Severo-Vostochnoy Rusi) / Arkheologiya epokhi Velikogo pereseleniya narodov i rannego Srednevekov'ya. Vyp. 4. M.: Geoeko, 1996. 340 s.
Pletneva S. A. Ocherki khazarskoy arkheologii. M.: Mosty kul'tury; Ierusalim: Gesharim, 2000. 365 s.
Eniosova N. V. Yuvelirnoe proizvodstvo Gnezdova (po materialam kurganov i poseleniya). Avtoref. dis. … kand. ist. nauk. M.: Moskovskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet imeni M. V. Lomonosova, 1999. 17 s.
Golubeva L. A., Kochkurkina S. I. Belozerskaya ves' (po materialam poseleniya Krutik IX–X vv.). Petrozavodsk: Karel'skiy nauchnyy tsentr AN SSSR, 1991. 198 s.
Eniosova N. V., Singkh V. K. Volochil'nye doski iz raskopok drevnego Novgoroda // Velikiy Novgorod i srednevekovaya Rus'. Sbornik statey k 80-letiyu akademika V. L. Yanina. M.: Pamyatniki istoricheskoy mysli, 2009. S. 70-85.
Kochkurkina S. I. Drevnyaya korela. L.: Nauka, 1982. 216 s.
Vaklinova M. B'lgarskiyat srednovekoven grad tekhnologii. Sofiya: B'lgarska akademiya na naukite, Arkheologicheski institut i muzey, 1997. 104 s.
Blindheim Ch. Smedgraven fra Bygland I Morgedal // Viking. Tidsskrift for norrøn arkæologi. Bind XXVI. Oslo: Norsk Arkeologisk Selskap, 1963. S. 25–70.
Eilbracht H. Filigran-und Granulationenkunst im wikingischen Norden: Untersuchungen zum Transfer frühmittelalterlicher Gold-und Silberschmiedetechniken zwischen dem Kontinent und Nordeuropa / W. Janssen et al. (eds.) // Zeitschrift für Archäologie des Mittelalters. Vol. 11. Köln–Bonn: Rheinland Verlag, 1999. S. 58–65.
Fedorov G. B. Gorodishche Ekimautsy // Kratkie soobshcheniya Instituta istorii material'noy kul'tury AN SSSR. 1953. ¹ L (50). S. 104–126.
Singkh V. K. Instrumenty novgorodskikh yuvelirov // Rodina. 2009. ¹ 9. S. 79–81.
Singkh V. K. Nakoval'ni iz raskopok v Novgorode // Trudy II (XVIII) Vserossiyskogo arkheologicheskogo s'ezda v Suzdale / Otv. red. A. P. Derevyanko, N. A. Makarov. Tom II. M.: Institut arkheologii RAN, 2008. S. 385–389.
Singkh V. K. Ocherk istorii izucheniya drevnerusskoy metallurgii i metalloobrabotki // Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Ser. 8. Istoriya. 2008. ¹ 3. S. 87–96.

References (transliteration):
Kolchin B. A. Chernaya metallurgiya i metalloobrabotka v Drevney Rusi (domongol'skiy period) // Materialy i issledovaniya po arkheologii SSSR. Vyp. ¹ 32. M.: Izdatel'stvo Akademii nauk SSSR, 1953. 259 s.
Ryndina N. V. Tekhnologiya proizvodstva novgorodskikh yuvelirov X–XV vv. // Novye metody v arkheologii. Trudy Novgorodskoy arkheologicheskoy ekspeditsii. Tom III / Materialy i issledovaniya po arkheologii SSSR. Vyp. ¹ 117 / Pod red. A. V. Artsikhovskogo i B. A. Kolchina. M.: Izdatel'stvo Akademii nauk SSSR, 1963. S. 200–268.
Kolchin B. A. Zhelezoobrabatyvayushchee remeslo Novgoroda Velikogo (produktsiya, tekhnologiya) // Trudy Novgorodskoy arkheologicheskoy ekspeditsii. Tom II / Materialy i issledovaniya po arkheologii SSSR. Vyp. ¹ 65 / Pod red. A. V. Artsikhovskogo i B. A. Kolchina. M.: Izdatel'stvo Akademii nauk SSSR, 1959. S. 7–120.
Brepol' E. Teoriya i praktika yuvelirnogo dela. SPb.: Solo, 2000. 528 s.
Ryabinin E. A. Novye otkrytiya v Staroy Ladoge (itogi raskopok na Zemlyanom gorodishche 1973–1975 gg.) // Srednevekovaya Ladoga. Novye arkheologicheskie otkrytiya i issledovaniya / Otv. red. V. V. Sedov. L.: Nauka, 1985. S. 27–76.
Zakurina T. Yu. Orudiya metalloobrabotki i oborudovanie masterskikh v srednevekovom Pskove // Kratkie soobshcheniya Instituta arkheologii RAN. 2006. Vyp. ¹ 220. S. 111–120.
Zaytseva I. E. Yuvelirnyy instrumentariy Serenskogo gorodishcha (XII–XIV vv.) // Khudozhestvennyy metall Rossii. Materialy konferentsii pamyati G. N. Bocharova. M.: Izdatel'skiy tsentr RGGU, 2001. S. 372–385.
Sedov V. V. Sel'skie poseleniya tsentral'nykh rayonov Smolenskoy zemli // Materialy i issledovaniya po arkheologii SSSR. Vyp. ¹ 92. M.: Izdatel'stvo Akademii nauk SSSR, 1960. 156 s.
Kochkurkina S. I. Arkheologicheskie pamyatniki korely V–XV vv. L.: Nauka,1981. 160 s.
Kivikoski E. Die Eisenzeit Finnlands. Bildwerk und Text. Helsinki: Weilin & Goos; Neuausg edition, 1973. 150 S.
Müller-Wille M. Der frühmittelalterliche Schmied in Spiegel skandinavischer Grabfunde // Frühmittelalterliche Studien (Jahrbuch des Instituts für Frühmittelalterforschung der Universität Münster, Band 11) / Karl Hauck. Berlin; New York: Walter de Gruyter, 1977. S. 127–201.
Pleiner. R. Staré evropské kovářství. Praha: Nakladatelství Československé akademie věd, 1962. 331 s.
Kolchin B. A. Remeslo // Arkheologiya SSSR. Drevnyaya Rus'. Gorod. Zamok. Selo / Pod red. B. A. Rybakova. M.: Nauka, 1985. S. 243–297.
Ryabinin E. A. U istokov remeslennogo proizvodstva v Ladoge (k istorii obshchebaltiyskikh svyazey v predvikingskuyu epokhu) // Novye istochniki po arkheologii Severo-Zapada / Pod red. V. M. Masona i E. N. Nosova. SPb.: Institut istorii material'noy kul'tury RAN, 1994. S. 5–59.
Arwidsson G., Berg G. The Mästermyr find. A Viking Age Tool Chest from Gotland. Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell International, 1983. 96 p.
Naumov A. N. Chernaya metallurgiya i zhelezoobrabotka na sel'skikh pamyatnikakh Kulikova polya v kontse XII – tret'ey chetverti XIV vv. Tula: Gosudarstvennyy muzey zapovednik «Kulikovo pole», 2008. 255 s.
Zhiganov M. F. Iz istorii remesla, domashnego proizvodstva i torgovykh svyazey mordvy v XIII–XIV vv. // Alikhova A. E., Zhiganov M. F., Stepanov P. D. Iz drevney i srednevekovoy istorii mordovskogo naroda / Arkheologicheskiy sbornik. Tom II. Saransk: Mordovskoe knizhnoe izdatel'stvo, 1959. 207 s.
Kolchin B. A., Khoroshev A. S., Yanin V. L. Usad'ba novgorodskogo khudozhnika XII v. M.: Nauka, 1981. 168 s.
Die Hausbücher der Nürnberger Zwölfbruderstiftungen // [Elektronnyy resurs] – URL: http://www.nuernberger-hausbuecher.de/ (data obrashcheniya: 15.12.2015).
Kolchin B. A. Tekhnika obrabotki metalla v Drevney Rusi. M.: Gosudarstvennoe nauchno-tekhnicheskoe izdatel'stvo mashinostroitel'noy i sudostroitel'noy literatury, 1953. 160 s.
Flerov A. V. Materialovedenie i tekhnologiya khudozhestvennoy obrabotki metallov. M.: Vysshaya shkola, 1981. 288 s.
Darkevich V. P., Borisevich G. V. Drevnyaya stolitsa ryazanskoy zemli. M.: Krug', 1995. 448 s.
Sedova M. V. Yaropolch Zalesskiy. M.: Nauka, 1978. 158 s.
Gurevich F. D. Drevniy Novogrudok. Posad – okol'nyy gorod. L.: Nauka, 1981. 155 s.
Leont'ev A. E. Arkheologiya meri (K predystorii Severo-Vostochnoy Rusi) / Arkheologiya epokhi Velikogo pereseleniya narodov i rannego Srednevekov'ya. Vyp. 4. M.: Geoeko, 1996. 340 s.
Pletneva S. A. Ocherki khazarskoy arkheologii. M.: Mosty kul'tury; Ierusalim: Gesharim, 2000. 365 s.
Eniosova N. V. Yuvelirnoe proizvodstvo Gnezdova (po materialam kurganov i poseleniya). Avtoref. dis. … kand. ist. nauk. M.: Moskovskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet imeni M. V. Lomonosova, 1999. 17 s.
Golubeva L. A., Kochkurkina S. I. Belozerskaya ves' (po materialam poseleniya Krutik IX–X vv.). Petrozavodsk: Karel'skiy nauchnyy tsentr AN SSSR, 1991. 198 s.
Eniosova N. V., Singkh V. K. Volochil'nye doski iz raskopok drevnego Novgoroda // Velikiy Novgorod i srednevekovaya Rus'. Sbornik statey k 80-letiyu akademika V. L. Yanina. M.: Pamyatniki istoricheskoy mysli, 2009. S. 70-85.
Kochkurkina S. I. Drevnyaya korela. L.: Nauka, 1982. 216 s.
Vaklinova M. B'lgarskiyat srednovekoven grad tekhnologii. Sofiya: B'lgarska akademiya na naukite, Arkheologicheski institut i muzey, 1997. 104 s.
Blindheim Ch. Smedgraven fra Bygland I Morgedal // Viking. Tidsskrift for norrøn arkæologi. Bind XXVI. Oslo: Norsk Arkeologisk Selskap, 1963. S. 25–70.
Eilbracht H. Filigran-und Granulationenkunst im wikingischen Norden: Untersuchungen zum Transfer frühmittelalterlicher Gold-und Silberschmiedetechniken zwischen dem Kontinent und Nordeuropa / W. Janssen et al. (eds.) // Zeitschrift für Archäologie des Mittelalters. Vol. 11. Köln–Bonn: Rheinland Verlag, 1999. S. 58–65.
Fedorov G. B. Gorodishche Ekimautsy // Kratkie soobshcheniya Instituta istorii material'noy kul'tury AN SSSR. 1953. ¹ L (50). S. 104–126.
Singkh V. K. Instrumenty novgorodskikh yuvelirov // Rodina. 2009. ¹ 9. S. 79–81.
Singkh V. K. Nakoval'ni iz raskopok v Novgorode // Trudy II (XVIII) Vserossiyskogo arkheologicheskogo s'ezda v Suzdale / Otv. red. A. P. Derevyanko, N. A. Makarov. Tom II. M.: Institut arkheologii RAN, 2008. S. 385–389.
Singkh V. K. Ocherk istorii izucheniya drevnerusskoy metallurgii i metalloobrabotki // Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Ser. 8. Istoriya. 2008. ¹ 3. S. 87–96.

Review: An anthropomorphic figurine has been found in a mound from the Bronze Age located in the necropolis by the village of Zaozernoe on the periphery of the town of Yevpatoria in North-Western Crimea. The mound had been robbed in Antiquity which is why the figurine was found not in the burial itself, but in the strata between two Bronze Age burials. The figurine is a rather schematic representation of a female figure. Anthropomorphic sculptures are typical of many Bronze Age cultures, including the Trypillian culture. A collection of similar figurines was found in mound 6 of the burial site 26 in the village of Zelenyi Hai on the river Inhulets. The Zelenohai complex is dated to the period of late Trypillia and the figurines’ type has a lot in common with Trypillian anthropomorphic sculpture. The Zaozernoe figurine is almost completely identical to the figurines in the Zelenohai complex and consequently can be ascribed to the Trypillian culture – to its final phase. The discovery of the figurine in the mound of the necropolis by the village of Zaozernoe attests, it seems, to the links between the Crimean steppe and the cultures from the circle of Trypillia.

Keywords: Bronze Age, anthropomorphic sculpture, Trypillian culture, female figurine, Crimean steppe, Zaozernoe necropolis, Zelenohai complex, burial rite, “serezlievskiy” type, Inhul group

References:
Shaposhnikova O. G., Bochkarev V. S., Sharafutdinova I. N. O pamyatnikakh epokhi medi – ranney bronzy v basseyne r. Ingula // Drevnosti Poingul'ya. Kiev: Naukova dumka, 1977. 148 s.
Telegin D. Ya. Pro kul'turnu nalezhnist' i datuvannya viprostanikh eneolitichnikh pokhovan' Stepovogo Podniprov’ya // Arkheologiya. 1987. Vip. 60. S. 17–30.
Usachuk A. N., Polidovich Yu.B. Antropomorfnaya figurka epokhi bronzy iz Donetskoy oblasti // Arkheologicheskiy al'manakh. 2010. ¹ 21. S. 78–85.
Shcherbakovskiy D. M. Raskopki kurganov na pogranich'e Khersonskoy i Kievskoy guberniy // Arkheologicheskaya letopis' Yuzhnoy Rossii. 1905. ¹ 1–2. S. 7–19.
Patokova E. F., Petrenko V. G., Burdo N. B., Polishchuk L. Yu. Pamyatniki tripol'skoy kul'tury v Severo-Zapadnom Prichernomor'e. Kiev: Naukova dumka, 1989. 144 s.
Kovaleva I. F., Marina Z. P., Romashko V.A. i dr. Kurgany eneolita–bronzy v Krivorozhskom techenii Ingul'tsa. Dnipropetrovs'k: Vidavnitstvo Dnipropetrovs'kogo universitetu, 2003. 131 s.
Patokova E. F. Antropomorfnaya plastika Mayatskogo mogil'nika // Pamyatniki drevnego iskusstva Severo-Zapadnogo Prichernomor'ya. Kiev: Naukova dumka, 1986. S. 5–20.
Zbenovich V. G. K probleme svyazey Tripol'ya s eneoliticheskimi kul'turami Severnogo Prichernomor'ya // Eneolit – bronzovyy vek Ukrainy. Kiev: Naukova dumka, 1976. S. 57–69.
Elagina N. G., Petrenko V. G. Raskopki kurganov na Ingul'tse // Arkheologicheskie otkrytiya za 1968 g. M.: Nauka, 1969. S. 252–253.
Antonova E. V. Antropomorfnaya skul'ptura drevnikh zemledel'tsev Peredney i Sredney Azii. M.: Nauka, 1977. 225 s.
Petrenko V. G. O semantike usatovskoy antropomorfnoy plastiki // Severo-Zapadnoe Prichernomor'e v epokhu pervobytnoobshchinnogo stroya. Kiev: Naukova dumka, 1980. S. 96–100.
Gembarovich M. T. K voprosu o znachenii tripol'skikh zhenskikh statuetok // Sovetskaya arkheologiya. 1956. T. XX. S. 106–123.
Burdo N. B. Sakral'niy svit tripil'sko¿ tsivilizatsi¿. Ki¿v: Elektronne vidannya, 2005. 305 s.
Movsha T. G. Khronologiya Tripol'ya–Kukuteni i stepnye kul'tury epokhi rannego metalla v ee sisteme // Problemy arkheologii Podneprov'ya. Dnepropetrovsk: B. i., 1984. S. 60–83.
Pogozheva A. P. Antropomorfnaya plastika Tripol'ya. Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1983. 144 s.
MovshaT. G. Svyatilishchatripol'skoykul'tury // Sovetskaya arkheologiya. 1971. ¹1. S. 201–205.
Bibikov S. N. Poselenie Luka-Vrublevetskaya // Materialy i issledovaniya po arkheologii SSSR. Vyp. 38. M.: Izdatel'stvo AN SSSR, 1953. 460 s.
Rybalova V. D. Nekotorye novye dannye k izucheniyu pozdnetripol'skoy kul'tury na Yuzhnom Buge // Arkheologicheskiy sbornik Gosudarstvennogo Ermitazha.Vyp. 6. L.: Izdatel'stvo AN SSSR, 1964. S. 79–85.
Passek T. S. Periodizatsiya tripol'skikh poseleniy / Materialy i issledovaniya po arkheologii SSSR. Vyp. 10. M.: Izdatel'stvo AN SSSR, 1949. 247 s.
Kovaleva I. F. Zelenogayskiy kompleks antropomorfnoy plastiki: kul'turnaya prinadlezhnost' i semantika // Kurgany eneolita–bronzy v Krivorozhskom techenii Ingul'tsa. Dnipropetrovs'k: Vidavnitstvo Dnipropetrovs'kogo universitetu, 2003. S.102–130.
Dergachev V. A., Manzura I. V. Pogrebal'nye kompleksy pozdnego Tripol'ya. Kishinev: Shtiintsa, 1991. 337 s.
Kalmykova V. A., Konovalov A. A., Pavlov V. A. Kurgannyy mogil'nik u derevni Zaozernoe // Arkheologicheskie otkrytiya za 1975 god. M.: Nauka, 1976. S. 283–284.
Barbarunova Z. A. Kurgan u sela Peschanoe bliz goroda Evpatorii // Pamyatniki bronzovogo i zheleznogo vekov v okrestnostyakh Evpatorii. M.: Izdatel'stvo Moskovskogo universiteta, 1993. S. 3–11.
Otroshchenko V. V. Problemi periodizatsi¿ kul'tur seredn'o¿i ta p³zn'o¿ bronzi Pivdnya Skhidno¿ ªvropi (kul'turno-stratigrafichni zistavlennya). Ki¿v: Vidavnitstvo KIU, 2001. 290 s.
Toshchev G. N. Krym v epokhu bronzy. Zaporozh'e: ZNU, 2007. 303 s.
Kolotukhin V. A. Gornyy Krym v epokhu pozdney bronzy – nachale zheleznogo veka. Kiev: Yuzhnogorodskie vedomosti, 1996. 160 s.
Kolotukhin V. A. Pozdniy bronzovyy vek Kryma. Kiev: Stilos, 2003. 138 s.
Krilova L. P. Arkheologichni rozkopki starodavnikh kurganiv na Krivorizhzhi v 1964–1966 rr. // Nash kray. Dn³propetrovs'k: Prom³n', 1971. C. 18–31.
Trifonov V. A. Stepnoe Prikuban'e v epokhu eneolita – sredney bronzy (periodizatsiya) // Drevnie kul'tury Prikuban'ya. L.: Nauka, 1991. S. 92–166.
Kovaleva I. F. «Vytyanutye» pogrebeniya Dneprovskogo areala Volgo-Dneprovskoy kul'turno-istoricheskoy obshchnosti epokhi eneolita // Kurgannye drevnosti stepnogo Podneprov'ya (III–I tys.do n.e.). Vyp. 3. Dnepropetrovsk: Izdatel'stvo Dnepropetrovskogo universiteta, 1979. S. 61–70.

References (transliteration):
Shaposhnikova O. G., Bochkarev V. S., Sharafutdinova I. N. O pamyatnikakh epokhi medi – ranney bronzy v basseyne r. Ingula // Drevnosti Poingul'ya. Kiev: Naukova dumka, 1977. 148 s.
Telegin D. Ya. Pro kul'turnu nalezhnist' i datuvannya viprostanikh eneolitichnikh pokhovan' Stepovogo Podniprov’ya // Arkheologiya. 1987. Vip. 60. S. 17–30.
Usachuk A. N., Polidovich Yu.B. Antropomorfnaya figurka epokhi bronzy iz Donetskoy oblasti // Arkheologicheskiy al'manakh. 2010. ¹ 21. S. 78–85.
Shcherbakovskiy D. M. Raskopki kurganov na pogranich'e Khersonskoy i Kievskoy guberniy // Arkheologicheskaya letopis' Yuzhnoy Rossii. 1905. ¹ 1–2. S. 7–19.
Patokova E. F., Petrenko V. G., Burdo N. B., Polishchuk L. Yu. Pamyatniki tripol'skoy kul'tury v Severo-Zapadnom Prichernomor'e. Kiev: Naukova dumka, 1989. 144 s.
Kovaleva I. F., Marina Z. P., Romashko V.A. i dr. Kurgany eneolita–bronzy v Krivorozhskom techenii Ingul'tsa. Dnipropetrovs'k: Vidavnitstvo Dnipropetrovs'kogo universitetu, 2003. 131 s.
Patokova E. F. Antropomorfnaya plastika Mayatskogo mogil'nika // Pamyatniki drevnego iskusstva Severo-Zapadnogo Prichernomor'ya. Kiev: Naukova dumka, 1986. S. 5–20.
Zbenovich V. G. K probleme svyazey Tripol'ya s eneoliticheskimi kul'turami Severnogo Prichernomor'ya // Eneolit – bronzovyy vek Ukrainy. Kiev: Naukova dumka, 1976. S. 57–69.
Elagina N. G., Petrenko V. G. Raskopki kurganov na Ingul'tse // Arkheologicheskie otkrytiya za 1968 g. M.: Nauka, 1969. S. 252–253.
Antonova E. V. Antropomorfnaya skul'ptura drevnikh zemledel'tsev Peredney i Sredney Azii. M.: Nauka, 1977. 225 s.
Petrenko V. G. O semantike usatovskoy antropomorfnoy plastiki // Severo-Zapadnoe Prichernomor'e v epokhu pervobytnoobshchinnogo stroya. Kiev: Naukova dumka, 1980. S. 96–100.
Gembarovich M. T. K voprosu o znachenii tripol'skikh zhenskikh statuetok // Sovetskaya arkheologiya. 1956. T. XX. S. 106–123.
Burdo N. B. Sakral'niy svit tripil'sko¿ tsivilizatsi¿. Ki¿v: Elektronne vidannya, 2005. 305 s.
Movsha T. G. Khronologiya Tripol'ya–Kukuteni i stepnye kul'tury epokhi rannego metalla v ee sisteme // Problemy arkheologii Podneprov'ya. Dnepropetrovsk: B. i., 1984. S. 60–83.
Pogozheva A. P. Antropomorfnaya plastika Tripol'ya. Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1983. 144 s.
MovshaT. G. Svyatilishchatripol'skoykul'tury // Sovetskaya arkheologiya. 1971. ¹1. S. 201–205.
Bibikov S. N. Poselenie Luka-Vrublevetskaya // Materialy i issledovaniya po arkheologii SSSR. Vyp. 38. M.: Izdatel'stvo AN SSSR, 1953. 460 s.
Rybalova V. D. Nekotorye novye dannye k izucheniyu pozdnetripol'skoy kul'tury na Yuzhnom Buge // Arkheologicheskiy sbornik Gosudarstvennogo Ermitazha.Vyp. 6. L.: Izdatel'stvo AN SSSR, 1964. S. 79–85.
Passek T. S. Periodizatsiya tripol'skikh poseleniy / Materialy i issledovaniya po arkheologii SSSR. Vyp. 10. M.: Izdatel'stvo AN SSSR, 1949. 247 s.
Kovaleva I. F. Zelenogayskiy kompleks antropomorfnoy plastiki: kul'turnaya prinadlezhnost' i semantika // Kurgany eneolita–bronzy v Krivorozhskom techenii Ingul'tsa. Dnipropetrovs'k: Vidavnitstvo Dnipropetrovs'kogo universitetu, 2003. S.102–130.
Dergachev V. A., Manzura I. V. Pogrebal'nye kompleksy pozdnego Tripol'ya. Kishinev: Shtiintsa, 1991. 337 s.
Kalmykova V. A., Konovalov A. A., Pavlov V. A. Kurgannyy mogil'nik u derevni Zaozernoe // Arkheologicheskie otkrytiya za 1975 god. M.: Nauka, 1976. S. 283–284.
Barbarunova Z. A. Kurgan u sela Peschanoe bliz goroda Evpatorii // Pamyatniki bronzovogo i zheleznogo vekov v okrestnostyakh Evpatorii. M.: Izdatel'stvo Moskovskogo universiteta, 1993. S. 3–11.
Otroshchenko V. V. Problemi periodizatsi¿ kul'tur seredn'o¿i ta p³zn'o¿ bronzi Pivdnya Skhidno¿ ªvropi (kul'turno-stratigrafichni zistavlennya). Ki¿v: Vidavnitstvo KIU, 2001. 290 s.
Toshchev G. N. Krym v epokhu bronzy. Zaporozh'e: ZNU, 2007. 303 s.
Kolotukhin V. A. Gornyy Krym v epokhu pozdney bronzy – nachale zheleznogo veka. Kiev: Yuzhnogorodskie vedomosti, 1996. 160 s.
Kolotukhin V. A. Pozdniy bronzovyy vek Kryma. Kiev: Stilos, 2003. 138 s.
Krilova L. P. Arkheologichni rozkopki starodavnikh kurganiv na Krivorizhzhi v 1964–1966 rr. // Nash kray. Dn³propetrovs'k: Prom³n', 1971. C. 18–31.
Trifonov V. A. Stepnoe Prikuban'e v epokhu eneolita – sredney bronzy (periodizatsiya) // Drevnie kul'tury Prikuban'ya. L.: Nauka, 1991. S. 92–166.
Kovaleva I. F. «Vytyanutye» pogrebeniya Dneprovskogo areala Volgo-Dneprovskoy kul'turno-istoricheskoy obshchnosti epokhi eneolita // Kurgannye drevnosti stepnogo Podneprov'ya (III–I tys.do n.e.). Vyp. 3. Dnepropetrovsk: Izdatel'stvo Dnepropetrovskogo universiteta, 1979. S. 61–70.

Review: The ceramics from Smolensk dating to the end of the 10th – first half of the 12th century have features that approximate them to the early wheel-made ceramics of Gnyozdovo, as well as to the later Ancient Rus ceramics. For the study of ceramic production techniques, a small collection of vessels from the named period found during excavations on the territory of Smolensk in 2013 was presented. A general description of this type of ceramics can be found in pertinent literature, however, the present focused study has helped to identify several more particuliarities of these ceramics’ production techniques. The technical study of ceramics was conducted according to the method of A. A. Bobrinsky within the framework of a historical-cultural approach. The authors examined the preparatory stage of pottery making, including the selection and preparation of raw materials and preparing of the body. The study has revealed that the predominant tradition was to use white clay that contained little amount of sand as accessory and to make the body according to the recipe: clay + broken stone + organic solution. The rare tradition of preparation of body has also been attested following the recipe: clay + sand + organic solution. The comparison of the discovered findings with the material from Gnyozdovo of the 10th – beginning of the 11th century has shown that in Gnyozdovo and Smolensk during certain stages of their history there had inhabited population groups that had similar pottery traditions. The analysis of the ceramics from Gnyozdovo of the 12th – beginning of the 13th century has revealed the diffusion of new traditions, above all of new traditions in making body following the recipe: clay + sand + organic solution.

Keywords: Smolensk, Gnyozdovo, Early Medieval ceramics, Ancient Rus ceramics, Ancient pottery, pottery making, historical-cultural approach, pottery making traditions, raw materials, body compositions

References:
Murasheva V. V., Eniosova N. V., Fetisov A. A. Kuznechno-yuvelirnaya masterskaya poymennoy chasti Gnezdovskogo poseleniya // Gnezdovo. Rezul'taty kompleksnykh issledovaniy pamyatnika / Otv. red. V. V. Murasheva. M.: Al'faret, 2007. S. 31–77.
Sharganova O. L. Tekhnologicheskoe izuchenie krugovoy keramiki poymennoy chasti Gnezdovskogo poseleniya // Ot paleolita do srednevekov'ya: Sbornik nauchnykh statey. M.: Izdatel'stvo Moskovskogo universiteta, 2011. S. 100–107.
Sharganova O. L. Syr'e i formovochnye massy krugovoy keramiki iz Gnezdovskogo mogil'nika // Arkheologiya, etnografiya i antropologiya Evrazii. 2011. ¹ 1 (45). S. 43–49.
Sharganova O. L. Keramika Smolenskogo Podneprov'ya kontsa I – nachala II tysyacheletiya (tekhnologiya i morfologiya). Dis. … kand. ist. nauk. M.: Moskovskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet imeni M. V. Lomonosova, 2011. 408 s.
Bobrinskiy A. A. Goncharnaya tekhnologiya kak ob'ekt istoriko-kul'turnogo izucheniya // Aktual'nye problemy izucheniya drevnego goncharstva. Samara: Izdatel'stvo Samarskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta, 1999. S. 5–109.
Kamenetskaya E. V. Keramika Smolenska XII–XIII vv. // Problemy istorii SSSR. Vyp. V. M.: Izdatel'stvo Moskovskogo universiteta, 1976. S. 40–55.
Bobrinskiy A. A. Goncharstvo Vostochnoy Evropy: istochniki i metody izucheniya. M.: Nauka, 1978. 272 s.
Kamenetskaya E. V. O verkhney date Gnezdovskogo poseleniya pod Smolenskom (po keramicheskomu materialu) // Problemy istorii SSSR. Vyp. VI. M.: Izdatel'stvo Moskovskogo universiteta, 1977. S. 3–13.
Kamenetskaya E. V. Keramika IX–KhSh vv. kak istochnik po istorii Smolenskogo Podneprov'ya. Dis. … kand. ist. nauk. M.: Moskovskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet imeni M. V. Lomonosova, 1977. 213 s.
Tsetlin Yu. B. Drevnyaya keramika. Teoriya i metody istoriko-kul'turnogo podkhoda. M.: Institut arkheologii RAN, 2012. 384 s.
Kamenetskaya E. V. O nekotorykh tipakh keramiki Gnezdova // Sovetskaya arkheologiya. 1988. ¹ 1. S. 258–262.

References (transliteration):
Murasheva V. V., Eniosova N. V., Fetisov A. A. Kuznechno-yuvelirnaya masterskaya poymennoy chasti Gnezdovskogo poseleniya // Gnezdovo. Rezul'taty kompleksnykh issledovaniy pamyatnika / Otv. red. V. V. Murasheva. M.: Al'faret, 2007. S. 31–77.
Sharganova O. L. Tekhnologicheskoe izuchenie krugovoy keramiki poymennoy chasti Gnezdovskogo poseleniya // Ot paleolita do srednevekov'ya: Sbornik nauchnykh statey. M.: Izdatel'stvo Moskovskogo universiteta, 2011. S. 100–107.
Sharganova O. L. Syr'e i formovochnye massy krugovoy keramiki iz Gnezdovskogo mogil'nika // Arkheologiya, etnografiya i antropologiya Evrazii. 2011. ¹ 1 (45). S. 43–49.
Sharganova O. L. Keramika Smolenskogo Podneprov'ya kontsa I – nachala II tysyacheletiya (tekhnologiya i morfologiya). Dis. … kand. ist. nauk. M.: Moskovskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet imeni M. V. Lomonosova, 2011. 408 s.
Bobrinskiy A. A. Goncharnaya tekhnologiya kak ob'ekt istoriko-kul'turnogo izucheniya // Aktual'nye problemy izucheniya drevnego goncharstva. Samara: Izdatel'stvo Samarskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta, 1999. S. 5–109.
Kamenetskaya E. V. Keramika Smolenska XII–XIII vv. // Problemy istorii SSSR. Vyp. V. M.: Izdatel'stvo Moskovskogo universiteta, 1976. S. 40–55.
Bobrinskiy A. A. Goncharstvo Vostochnoy Evropy: istochniki i metody izucheniya. M.: Nauka, 1978. 272 s.
Kamenetskaya E. V. O verkhney date Gnezdovskogo poseleniya pod Smolenskom (po keramicheskomu materialu) // Problemy istorii SSSR. Vyp. VI. M.: Izdatel'stvo Moskovskogo universiteta, 1977. S. 3–13.
Kamenetskaya E. V. Keramika IX–KhSh vv. kak istochnik po istorii Smolenskogo Podneprov'ya. Dis. … kand. ist. nauk. M.: Moskovskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet imeni M. V. Lomonosova, 1977. 213 s.
Tsetlin Yu. B. Drevnyaya keramika. Teoriya i metody istoriko-kul'turnogo podkhoda. M.: Institut arkheologii RAN, 2012. 384 s.
Kamenetskaya E. V. O nekotorykh tipakh keramiki Gnezdova // Sovetskaya arkheologiya. 1988. ¹ 1. S. 258–262.

Review: During the course of the last decades, metal and wooden rims of glass mirrors (more than 340 artefacts) have been found on the sites of different Ancient Rus towns. The depictions on these objects have been published in a separate volume in 2013. In 2015 during the ploughing of a field in the Kirov oblast, 20 km from the town of Slobodskoy, a metal rim with the image of an equestrian figure on the external side and with a floral border around it had been discovered. This design is identical to the design on one of the published decorated rims. This rim was handed to the author of this article by the local ethnographer O. L. Titov. The fabrication particularities and the nature of the image were studied visually, while the composition of the metal was identified on the ArtTAX unit (Röntgenanalysen-Technik). It was revealed that the Kirov rim, despite the similarity in images, is in structure and composition not identical to the rest of the metal rims. Contrary to them, this rim is made from lead and has flaws in its fabrication. This rim, found far away from the area of other similar rims, poses many questions regarding the place and methods of its making, as well as its introduction into the territory of Vyatka.

Keywords: rim, glass, ornament, equestrian figure, dating, X-ray fluorescence analysis, tin, lead, alloy, mirror

References:
Rybina E. A. K atributsii zagadochnykh srednevekovykh kryshechek // Novgorod i Novgorodskaya zemlya. Istoriya i arkheologiya: Materialy nauchnoy konferentsii. Novgorod, 28–30 yanvarya 1997 g. Vyp. 11. Velikiy Novgorod: Novgorodskiy gosudarstvennyy ob'edinennyy muzey-zapovednik, 1997. S. 87–93.
Rybina E. A. K atributsii tak nazyvaemykh kustodiev iz raskopok Okol'nogo goroda // Drevnosti Pskova. Arkheologiya, istoriya, arkhitektura. K yubileyu Ingi Konstantinovny Labutinoy. Pskov: Pskovskiy gosudarstvennyy ob'edinennyy istoriko-arkhitekturnyy i khudozhestvennyy muzey-zapovednik, 1999. S. 42–49.
Krueger I. Glasspiegel im Mittelalter. Fakten, Funde und Fragen // Bonner Jahrbücher. 1990. Band 190. S. 233–313.
Krueger I. Glasspiegel im Mittelalter II. Neue Funde und neue Fragen // Bonner Jahrbücher. 1995. Band 195. S. 209–248.
Rybina E. A. Zerkala v srednevekovoy Rusi (problema atributsii, publikatsiya oprav s izobrazheniyami) // Velikiy Novgorod v istorii srednevekovoy Evropy. K 70-letiyu Valentina Lavrent'evicha Yanina. M.: Russkie slovari, 1999. S. 101–121.
Rybina E. A. Derevyannye opravy steklyannykh zerkal iz raskopok v Novgorode // Vostochnaya Evropa v Srednevekov'e. K 80-letiyu Valentina Vasil'evicha Sedova. M.: Nauka, 2004. S. 324–329.
Kryuger I., Rybina E. A. Srednevekovye steklyannye zerkala. M.: Izdatel'skiy dom «Argamak-Media», 2013. 248 s.
Ershova T. E. Otchet o rabotakh na Novotorgovskom raskope XI v 2013 godu v Pskove // [Elektronnyy resurs] – URL: http://arheologpskov.ru/index.php/deyatelnost/nakhodki-i-otkrytiya-2006-2013/polevoj-sezon-2013/204-raskop-novotorgovskij-xi (data obrashcheniya: 27.02.2016).
Eniosova N. V., Rybina E. A. Metallicheskie opravy steklyannykh zerkal: tekhnika izgotovleniya i khimicheskiy sostav splavov // Rossiyskaya arkheologiya. 2015. ¹ 4. S. 93–103.
Rybina E. A. K atributsii nekotorykh arkheologicheskikh nakhodok iz Novgoroda // Novgorod i Novgorodskaya zemlya. Istoriya i arkheologiya. Vyp. 7. Velikiy Novgorod: Novgorodskiy gosudarstvennyy ob'edinennyy muzey-zapovednik, 1993. S. 153–161.
Rybina E. A. K atributsii odnoy nakhodki iz Zaryad'ya // Arkheologicheskie pamyatniki Moskvy i Podmoskov'ya. M.: Muzey istorii goroda Moskvy, 1996. S. 156–158.
Rybina E. Mirror frames and wax tablets // Wood Use in Medieval Novgorod / Ed. by Mark Brisbane and Jon Hather. Oxford: Oxbow Books, 2007. P. 335–344.
Rybina E. Spiegel aus mittelalterlichen Novgorod // Zwischen Lübeck und Novgorod. Wirtschaft, Politik und Kultur im Ostseeraum vom frühen Mittelalter bis ins 20. Jahrhundert. Lüneburg: Institut Nordostdeutsches Kulturwerk, 1996. S. 131–141.

References (transliteration):
Rybina E. A. K atributsii zagadochnykh srednevekovykh kryshechek // Novgorod i Novgorodskaya zemlya. Istoriya i arkheologiya: Materialy nauchnoy konferentsii. Novgorod, 28–30 yanvarya 1997 g. Vyp. 11. Velikiy Novgorod: Novgorodskiy gosudarstvennyy ob'edinennyy muzey-zapovednik, 1997. S. 87–93.
Rybina E. A. K atributsii tak nazyvaemykh kustodiev iz raskopok Okol'nogo goroda // Drevnosti Pskova. Arkheologiya, istoriya, arkhitektura. K yubileyu Ingi Konstantinovny Labutinoy. Pskov: Pskovskiy gosudarstvennyy ob'edinennyy istoriko-arkhitekturnyy i khudozhestvennyy muzey-zapovednik, 1999. S. 42–49.
Krueger I. Glasspiegel im Mittelalter. Fakten, Funde und Fragen // Bonner Jahrbücher. 1990. Band 190. S. 233–313.
Krueger I. Glasspiegel im Mittelalter II. Neue Funde und neue Fragen // Bonner Jahrbücher. 1995. Band 195. S. 209–248.
Rybina E. A. Zerkala v srednevekovoy Rusi (problema atributsii, publikatsiya oprav s izobrazheniyami) // Velikiy Novgorod v istorii srednevekovoy Evropy. K 70-letiyu Valentina Lavrent'evicha Yanina. M.: Russkie slovari, 1999. S. 101–121.
Rybina E. A. Derevyannye opravy steklyannykh zerkal iz raskopok v Novgorode // Vostochnaya Evropa v Srednevekov'e. K 80-letiyu Valentina Vasil'evicha Sedova. M.: Nauka, 2004. S. 324–329.
Kryuger I., Rybina E. A. Srednevekovye steklyannye zerkala. M.: Izdatel'skiy dom «Argamak-Media», 2013. 248 s.
Ershova T. E. Otchet o rabotakh na Novotorgovskom raskope XI v 2013 godu v Pskove // [Elektronnyy resurs] – URL: http://arheologpskov.ru/index.php/deyatelnost/nakhodki-i-otkrytiya-2006-2013/polevoj-sezon-2013/204-raskop-novotorgovskij-xi (data obrashcheniya: 27.02.2016).
Eniosova N. V., Rybina E. A. Metallicheskie opravy steklyannykh zerkal: tekhnika izgotovleniya i khimicheskiy sostav splavov // Rossiyskaya arkheologiya. 2015. ¹ 4. S. 93–103.
Rybina E. A. K atributsii nekotorykh arkheologicheskikh nakhodok iz Novgoroda // Novgorod i Novgorodskaya zemlya. Istoriya i arkheologiya. Vyp. 7. Velikiy Novgorod: Novgorodskiy gosudarstvennyy ob'edinennyy muzey-zapovednik, 1993. S. 153–161.
Rybina E. A. K atributsii odnoy nakhodki iz Zaryad'ya // Arkheologicheskie pamyatniki Moskvy i Podmoskov'ya. M.: Muzey istorii goroda Moskvy, 1996. S. 156–158.
Rybina E. Mirror frames and wax tablets // Wood Use in Medieval Novgorod / Ed. by Mark Brisbane and Jon Hather. Oxford: Oxbow Books, 2007. P. 335–344.
Rybina E. Spiegel aus mittelalterlichen Novgorod // Zwischen Lübeck und Novgorod. Wirtschaft, Politik und Kultur im Ostseeraum vom frühen Mittelalter bis ins 20. Jahrhundert. Lüneburg: Institut Nordostdeutsches Kulturwerk, 1996. S. 131–141.

Review: The article presents new facts concerning the history behind the creation of Arseniy Sukhanov’s outstanding publicist work “the Debate with the Greeks on Faith”. The central research objects of the study are the recently found autograph of Sukhanov and the famous authorised manuscript of the Posolsky Prikaz as compared to the subsequent manuscript tradition. The author demonstrates that during the summer and autumn of 1650 the first three versions of this source were created, the last of which was circulated in December by Sukhanov himself. The article reveals the circumstances under which Sukhanov, having initiated an investigation into the case of the affront to the sovereign's honour, as a consequence was forced to reflect in the text the arguments of the debate with the Greeks, which formed the system of substantiating the primacy of the Russian Church and of tsardom in the Orthodox world. The author substantiates the conclusion that the significance of “the Debate” lay outside of the forthcoming Schism of the Church. The fate of Sukhanov and his ideas, which had a major impact on the formation of the 17th century ideology, confirms this conclusion.

Keywords: Debate with the Greeks, Patriarch of Jerusalem Paissy, Mount Athos, Russian Orthodox Church, Eastern Orthodox Church, Posolsky Prikaz, Moscow, Constantinople, New Rome, Arseny Sukhanov

References:
Bogdanov A. P. Stikh torzhestva: rozhdenie russkoy ody, poslednyaya chetvert' XVII — nachalo XVIII veka. Ch. 1-2. M. : Institut rossiyskoy istorii RAN, 2012. 676 s
Bogdanov A. P. Moskovskaya publitsistika posledney chetverti XVII veka. M. : Institut rossiyskoy istorii RAN, 2001. 492 s.
Bogdanov A. P. Osnovy filigranovedeniya: istoriya, teoriya, praktika. M. : Editorial URSS, 1999, 335 s.
Arseniy Sukhanov. Chelobitnaya i otpiska v Posol'skiy prikaz. RGADA. F. 52. 1649 g. ¹° 22. JI. 1, 76.
Popov A. Izbornik slavyanskikh i russkikh sochineniy i statey, vnesennykh v khronografy russkoy redaktsii. M. : Tipografiya A.I. Mamontova i Kº, 1869, 551 s.
Arseniy Sukhanov. Preniya s grekami o vere, pervye avtorskie redaktsii. Avtograf, belovik s pravkoy. RGADA. F. 181. Sobranie MGAMID. Op. 1. ¹ 659. L. 348-360.
Smorgunova E. M. «Preniya o vere» Arseniya Sukhanova v izlozhenii permskogo staroobryadcheskogo knizhnika // Traditsionnaya narodnaya kul'tura naseleniya Urala: Materialy mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt. konferentsii. Perm', 1997. S. 162–167.
Bogdanov A. P. Avtograf «Preniy s grekami o vere» Arseniya Sukhanova // Istochnikovedenie otechestvennoy istorii. Sbornik statey. 1989. M., 1989. S. 175–205.
Shamin S. M. K voprosu o chastnom interese russkikh lyudey k inostrannoy presse v Rossii XVII stoletiya. // Drevnyaya Rus'. Voprosy medievistiki. 2007 g. ¹ 2. S. 42–59.
Belokurov S. A. Arseniy Sukhanov. Issledovanie. Chast' II. Vyp. 1. Sochineniya Arseniya Sukhanova. M. : Sinodal'naya tipografiya, 1894. 372 s.
Belokurov S. A. Startsa Arseniya Sukhanova «Stateynyy spisok» i «Preniya s grekami o vere». [Vklyucheny «O chinekh grecheskikh vkrattse», chelobitnye, otpiski i proch.] M. : Sinodal'naya tipografiya. 1883. 69 s.
Proskinitariy Arseniya Sukhanova: 1649-1653 gg. / Podgot. teksta X. M. Loparev. Red. i predisl. N. I. Ivanovskogo // Pravoslavnyy palestinskiy sbornik. T. 7. Vyp. 3 (21). SPb. : Tipografiya V. Kirshbauma, 1889, XVII + 390 s. Pril. I: Stateynyy spisok Arseniya Sukhanova: s. 301–326. Pril. II: Preniya s grekami: s. 327–359.
Arseniy Sukhanov. Proskinitariy. Prostrannaya redaktsiya. RNB. Sobranie PDA. ¹ 317.
Arseniy Sukhanov. Stateynyy spisok 1549–1640 gg. RGADA. F. 52. Snosheniya Rossii s Gretsiey. Op. 1. Stlb. 7157 g. ¹ 8; perevod «Prorecheniya nad grobom Konstanti¬na Velikogo» s grech. yazyka, l. 35–36; Preniya s grekami o vere, l. 45–53.
Zharova I. Yu. «Proskinitariy» Arseniya Sukhanova: istoriko-literaturnaya osnova i zhanrovo-poeticheskoe svoeobrazie teksta: Dissertatsiya kand. filol. Nauk. M., MPGU. 2013. 257 s.
Belokurov S. A. Arseniy Sukhanov. Issledovanie. Chast' I. Biografiya Arseniya Sukhanova. M. : Sinodal'naya tipografiya, 1891. 712 s.

References (transliteration):
Bogdanov A. P. Stikh torzhestva: rozhdenie russkoy ody, poslednyaya chetvert' XVII — nachalo XVIII veka. Ch. 1-2. M. : Institut rossiyskoy istorii RAN, 2012. 676 s
Bogdanov A. P. Moskovskaya publitsistika posledney chetverti XVII veka. M. : Institut rossiyskoy istorii RAN, 2001. 492 s.
Bogdanov A. P. Osnovy filigranovedeniya: istoriya, teoriya, praktika. M. : Editorial URSS, 1999, 335 s.
Arseniy Sukhanov. Chelobitnaya i otpiska v Posol'skiy prikaz. RGADA. F. 52. 1649 g. ¹° 22. JI. 1, 76.
Popov A. Izbornik slavyanskikh i russkikh sochineniy i statey, vnesennykh v khronografy russkoy redaktsii. M. : Tipografiya A.I. Mamontova i Kº, 1869, 551 s.
Arseniy Sukhanov. Preniya s grekami o vere, pervye avtorskie redaktsii. Avtograf, belovik s pravkoy. RGADA. F. 181. Sobranie MGAMID. Op. 1. ¹ 659. L. 348-360.
Smorgunova E. M. «Preniya o vere» Arseniya Sukhanova v izlozhenii permskogo staroobryadcheskogo knizhnika // Traditsionnaya narodnaya kul'tura naseleniya Urala: Materialy mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt. konferentsii. Perm', 1997. S. 162–167.
Bogdanov A. P. Avtograf «Preniy s grekami o vere» Arseniya Sukhanova // Istochnikovedenie otechestvennoy istorii. Sbornik statey. 1989. M., 1989. S. 175–205.
Shamin S. M. K voprosu o chastnom interese russkikh lyudey k inostrannoy presse v Rossii XVII stoletiya. // Drevnyaya Rus'. Voprosy medievistiki. 2007 g. ¹ 2. S. 42–59.
Belokurov S. A. Arseniy Sukhanov. Issledovanie. Chast' II. Vyp. 1. Sochineniya Arseniya Sukhanova. M. : Sinodal'naya tipografiya, 1894. 372 s.
Belokurov S. A. Startsa Arseniya Sukhanova «Stateynyy spisok» i «Preniya s grekami o vere». [Vklyucheny «O chinekh grecheskikh vkrattse», chelobitnye, otpiski i proch.] M. : Sinodal'naya tipografiya. 1883. 69 s.
Proskinitariy Arseniya Sukhanova: 1649-1653 gg. / Podgot. teksta X. M. Loparev. Red. i predisl. N. I. Ivanovskogo // Pravoslavnyy palestinskiy sbornik. T. 7. Vyp. 3 (21). SPb. : Tipografiya V. Kirshbauma, 1889, XVII + 390 s. Pril. I: Stateynyy spisok Arseniya Sukhanova: s. 301–326. Pril. II: Preniya s grekami: s. 327–359.
Arseniy Sukhanov. Proskinitariy. Prostrannaya redaktsiya. RNB. Sobranie PDA. ¹ 317.
Arseniy Sukhanov. Stateynyy spisok 1549–1640 gg. RGADA. F. 52. Snosheniya Rossii s Gretsiey. Op. 1. Stlb. 7157 g. ¹ 8; perevod «Prorecheniya nad grobom Konstanti¬na Velikogo» s grech. yazyka, l. 35–36; Preniya s grekami o vere, l. 45–53.
Zharova I. Yu. «Proskinitariy» Arseniya Sukhanova: istoriko-literaturnaya osnova i zhanrovo-poeticheskoe svoeobrazie teksta: Dissertatsiya kand. filol. Nauk. M., MPGU. 2013. 257 s.
Belokurov S. A. Arseniy Sukhanov. Issledovanie. Chast' I. Biografiya Arseniya Sukhanova. M. : Sinodal'naya tipografiya, 1891. 712 s.

Review: This article focuses on the Greek narrative sources written during and about the Nicaean Empire (1204–1261). The principal authors of historical texts during this period were Niketas Choniates and Georgios Akropolites, as well as Michael Choniates and Nikolaos Mesarites. The article presents brief biographies about each author and notes the value of their contributions to the historical knowledge concerning the Nicaean Empire. These authors’ lives were closely connected to the events of the Fourth Crusade and the capture of Constantinople in 1204, and their works shed light on the subsequent events in Byzantine history – at Nicaea and in its subordinate territories. The main common attribute of the named authors is that they do not express a discontinuation of the Byzantine government and society after the loss of the ancient capital. On the contrary, their texts clearly reflect a historical continuity of the Nicaean government and ideology from the old Byzantine capital. The article considers the historical sources within the context of the writers and their biographies and the general socio-political situation of the period. The author also analyses the features of these sources and traces how they reflect the personal elements of their creators.

References:
Angold M. A Byzantine Government in Exile. Government and Society Under the Laskarids of Nicaea (1204–1261). Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1975. 332 p.
Regesten der Kaiserurkunden des Oströmischen Reiches von 565–1453. 3 Teil: Regesten von 1204–1282. 2 Auflage / Hrsg. von F. Dölger, P. Wirth, A. E. Müller. München: Oldenbourg u. a., 1977. 177 S.
Les regestes des Actes des Patriarches de Constantinople. Vol. I. Fasc. 4: Les regestes de 1208 à 1309 / Éd. par V. Laurent. Paris: Institut Français d’Études byzantines, 1971. 636 p.
Hendy M. Catalogue of the Byzantine Coins in the Dumbarton Oaks Collection and in the Whittemore Collection. Vol. 4: Alexius I to Michael VIII, 1081–1261. Pt. 2. Washington, D. C.: Harvard University Press, 1999. 730 p.
Simpson A. Niketas Choniates. A Historiographical Study. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013. 400 p.
Nicetae Choniatae Historia / Hrsg. von I. Bekker. Bonn: Weber, 1835. 958 S.
Nicetae Choniatae Historia / Hrsg. von J. A. van Dieten. Berlin: De Gruyter, 1975. 655 S.
Nicetae Choniatae Orationes et Epistulae / Επ. από Κ. Σάθας. Βενετία: Τύποις του Χρόνου, 1872. 314 ς.
Nicetae Choniatae Orationes et Epistulae / Hrsg. von J. A. van Dieten. Berlin: De Gruyter, 1972. 279 S.
Kazhdan A. P. Nikita Khoniat i ego vremya. SPb.: Dmitriy Bulanin, 2005. 547 s.
Harris J. Distortion, Divine Providence and Genre in Niketas Choniates’ Account of the Collapse of Byzantium, 1180–1204 // Journal of Medieval History. 2000. Vol. 26. P. 19–31.
Simpson A. J. Before and After 1204: the Versions of N. Choniates’ Historia // Dumbarton Oaks Papers. 2006. Vol. 60. P. 189–221.
Harris J. Looking back on 1204: Nicetas Choniates in Nicaia // Mésogeios. 2001. Vol. 12. P. 117–124.
Μιχὰηλ ’Ακομινάτου τοū Χονιάτου τ̀α σωζόμενα / Επ. από Σ. Λάμπρος. Τ. I–II. Αθήνα: Παρνασσóς. T. I. 1879. 368 ς.; T. II. 1880. 693 ς.
Michaelis Choniatae Epistulae / Hrsg. von F. Kolovou. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2001. 544 S.
Lambriniadis E. Die Brüder Ioannis und Nikolaos Mesaritis, Verteidiger der Orthodoxie in den Unionsverhandlungen von 1204 bis 1214 (im historischen und theologischen Rahmen der Epoche) // Κληρονομία. 1996. Τ. 28. Σ. 187–236.
Heisenberg A. Neue Quellen zur Geschichte des lateinischen Kaisertums und der Kirchenunion. Bd. I. Der Epitaphios des Nikolaos Mesarites auf seinen Bruder Johannes. S. 3–75; Bd. II. Die Unionsverhandlungen vom 30 August 1206; Patriarchenwahl und Kaiserkrönung in Nikaia 1208. S. 3–56; Bd. III. Der Bericht des Nikolaos Mesarites über die politischen und kirchlichen Ereignisse des Jahres 1214. S. 3–96 // Sitzungsberichte der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Philosophisch-philologische und Historische Klasse. London: Variorum Reprints, 1973. 424 S.
Spiteris G. I dialoghi di Nicolas Mesarites coi Latini: opera storica o finzione letteraria? // Orientalia Christiana Analecta. 1977. ¹ 204. P. 181–186.
Zhavoronkov P. I. Nekotorye aspekty mirovozzreniya Georgiya Akropolita // Vizantiyskiy vremennik. 1986. T. 47. S. 125–133.
Georgii Acropolitae Annales / Hrsg. von I. Bekker. Bonn: Weber, 1836. 286 S.
Georgii Acropolitae Opera / Hrsg. von A. Heisenberg, P. Wirth. Stuttgart: B. G. Teubner, 1978. 416 S.
Macrides R. Thirteenth Century in Byzantine Historical Writing // Porphyrogenita. Essays on the History and Literature of Byzantium and the Latin East in Honour of Julian Chrysostomides / Ed. by C. Dendrinos, J. Harris, E. Harvalia-Crook, J. Herrin. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2003. P. 63–76.
Theodori Scutariotae Addimenta ad Georgii Acropolitae Historiam / Hrsg. von A. Heisenberg. Bd. I. Leipzig: Teubner, 1903. S. 275–302.
Ανώνυμος. Σύνοψις Χρονική / Επ. από Κ. Σάθας. Βενετία: Τύποις του Χρόνου, 1894. 680 ς.
Zafeiris K. The Authorship of the Synopsis Chronike // Revue des études byzantines. 2011. Vol. 69. P. 253–263.
Angelov D. Imperial Ideology and Political Thought in Byzantium, 1204–1330. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007. 474 p.
Kazhdan A. The Aristocracy and the Imperial Ideal // The Byzantine aristocracy IX to XIII centuries / Ed. by M. Angold. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1984. P. 43–57.
Zhavoronkov P. I. Predstavleniya Georgiya Akropolita o znatnosti i strukture nikeyskoy znati // Vizantiyskiy vremennik. 1998. T. 55/2. S. 93–98.
Guilland R. Recherches sur les institutions byzantines. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 1967. Vol. 1. 607 p.

References (transliteration):
Angold M. A Byzantine Government in Exile. Government and Society Under the Laskarids of Nicaea (1204–1261). Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1975. 332 p.
Regesten der Kaiserurkunden des Oströmischen Reiches von 565–1453. 3 Teil: Regesten von 1204–1282. 2 Auflage / Hrsg. von F. Dölger, P. Wirth, A. E. Müller. München: Oldenbourg u. a., 1977. 177 S.
Les regestes des Actes des Patriarches de Constantinople. Vol. I. Fasc. 4: Les regestes de 1208 à 1309 / Éd. par V. Laurent. Paris: Institut Français d’Études byzantines, 1971. 636 p.
Hendy M. Catalogue of the Byzantine Coins in the Dumbarton Oaks Collection and in the Whittemore Collection. Vol. 4: Alexius I to Michael VIII, 1081–1261. Pt. 2. Washington, D. C.: Harvard University Press, 1999. 730 p.
Simpson A. Niketas Choniates. A Historiographical Study. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013. 400 p.
Nicetae Choniatae Historia / Hrsg. von I. Bekker. Bonn: Weber, 1835. 958 S.
Nicetae Choniatae Historia / Hrsg. von J. A. van Dieten. Berlin: De Gruyter, 1975. 655 S.
Nicetae Choniatae Orationes et Epistulae / Επ. από Κ. Σάθας. Βενετία: Τύποις του Χρόνου, 1872. 314 ς.
Nicetae Choniatae Orationes et Epistulae / Hrsg. von J. A. van Dieten. Berlin: De Gruyter, 1972. 279 S.
Kazhdan A. P. Nikita Khoniat i ego vremya. SPb.: Dmitriy Bulanin, 2005. 547 s.
Harris J. Distortion, Divine Providence and Genre in Niketas Choniates’ Account of the Collapse of Byzantium, 1180–1204 // Journal of Medieval History. 2000. Vol. 26. P. 19–31.
Simpson A. J. Before and After 1204: the Versions of N. Choniates’ Historia // Dumbarton Oaks Papers. 2006. Vol. 60. P. 189–221.
Harris J. Looking back on 1204: Nicetas Choniates in Nicaia // Mésogeios. 2001. Vol. 12. P. 117–124.
Μιχὰηλ ’Ακομινάτου τοū Χονιάτου τ̀α σωζόμενα / Επ. από Σ. Λάμπρος. Τ. I–II. Αθήνα: Παρνασσóς. T. I. 1879. 368 ς.; T. II. 1880. 693 ς.
Michaelis Choniatae Epistulae / Hrsg. von F. Kolovou. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2001. 544 S.
Lambriniadis E. Die Brüder Ioannis und Nikolaos Mesaritis, Verteidiger der Orthodoxie in den Unionsverhandlungen von 1204 bis 1214 (im historischen und theologischen Rahmen der Epoche) // Κληρονομία. 1996. Τ. 28. Σ. 187–236.
Heisenberg A. Neue Quellen zur Geschichte des lateinischen Kaisertums und der Kirchenunion. Bd. I. Der Epitaphios des Nikolaos Mesarites auf seinen Bruder Johannes. S. 3–75; Bd. II. Die Unionsverhandlungen vom 30 August 1206; Patriarchenwahl und Kaiserkrönung in Nikaia 1208. S. 3–56; Bd. III. Der Bericht des Nikolaos Mesarites über die politischen und kirchlichen Ereignisse des Jahres 1214. S. 3–96 // Sitzungsberichte der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Philosophisch-philologische und Historische Klasse. London: Variorum Reprints, 1973. 424 S.
Spiteris G. I dialoghi di Nicolas Mesarites coi Latini: opera storica o finzione letteraria? // Orientalia Christiana Analecta. 1977. ¹ 204. P. 181–186.
Zhavoronkov P. I. Nekotorye aspekty mirovozzreniya Georgiya Akropolita // Vizantiyskiy vremennik. 1986. T. 47. S. 125–133.
Georgii Acropolitae Annales / Hrsg. von I. Bekker. Bonn: Weber, 1836. 286 S.
Georgii Acropolitae Opera / Hrsg. von A. Heisenberg, P. Wirth. Stuttgart: B. G. Teubner, 1978. 416 S.
Macrides R. Thirteenth Century in Byzantine Historical Writing // Porphyrogenita. Essays on the History and Literature of Byzantium and the Latin East in Honour of Julian Chrysostomides / Ed. by C. Dendrinos, J. Harris, E. Harvalia-Crook, J. Herrin. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2003. P. 63–76.
Theodori Scutariotae Addimenta ad Georgii Acropolitae Historiam / Hrsg. von A. Heisenberg. Bd. I. Leipzig: Teubner, 1903. S. 275–302.
Ανώνυμος. Σύνοψις Χρονική / Επ. από Κ. Σάθας. Βενετία: Τύποις του Χρόνου, 1894. 680 ς.
Zafeiris K. The Authorship of the Synopsis Chronike // Revue des études byzantines. 2011. Vol. 69. P. 253–263.
Angelov D. Imperial Ideology and Political Thought in Byzantium, 1204–1330. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007. 474 p.
Kazhdan A. The Aristocracy and the Imperial Ideal // The Byzantine aristocracy IX to XIII centuries / Ed. by M. Angold. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1984. P. 43–57.
Zhavoronkov P. I. Predstavleniya Georgiya Akropolita o znatnosti i strukture nikeyskoy znati // Vizantiyskiy vremennik. 1998. T. 55/2. S. 93–98.
Guilland R. Recherches sur les institutions byzantines. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 1967. Vol. 1. 607 p.

Review: The article’s focus is on the transfer history of the princess Z. N. Yusupova’s archive, as well as on the most valuable part of the Yusupov book treasures, originally held in the “Arkhangelshoe” estate and then moved to the Rumyantsev Museum in 1919–1920. The research, based on the documents in the Rumyantsev Museum Archive (today – the Russian State Library Archive), provides insight into the unique circle of specialists-bibliographers in the Rumyantsev Museum who during the first post-Revolution years worked to rescue Russian archives and libraries. The minute study of the preservation history of the intellectual heritage of the princes Yusupovs leads to the necessity of bringing back to memory the unjustly forgotten figures in Russian bibliography: V. D. Golitsyn, V. O. Nilender, A. S. Petrovsky and others. Information regarding these people, who not only collected and preserved the archival and book treasures of Russia, but also multiplied them, can be drawn from sources that contain little known historical facts. A comparative analysis of all referenced sources allows to better understand how the post-Revolutionary “spirit of the time” and the genesis of the socio-cultural phenomenon of the “little person” of the Soviet epoch transformed from the pre-Revolutionary Russian intellectual.

Keywords: princes Yusupovs, Z. N. Yusupova, estate “Arkhangelskoye”, Rumyantsev Museum, Andrey Beliy, N. S. Voskresenskaya, V. D. Golitsyn, V. O. Nilender, A. S. Petrovsky, L. I. Speranskaya

References:
Spiski knig Arkhangel'skoy biblioteki // Arkhiv Rossiyskoy gosudarstvennoy biblioteki. Op. 17. D. 159.
Losev A. F. Iz vospominaniy o V. O. Nilendere // Nauchno-issledovatel'skiy otdel rukopisey Rossiyskoy gosudarstvennoy biblioteki. F. 583. Op. 1. Kart. 11. D. 19.
Belyy A. Nachalo veka. Berlinskaya redaktsiya (1923). SPb.: Nauka, 2014. 1064 s.
Lichnoe delo Vladimira Ottonovicha Nilendera // Arkhiv Rossiyskoy gosudarstvennoy biblioteki. Op. 39. D. 351.
Biograficheskie dokumenty Vladimira Ottonovicha Nilendera // Nauchno-issledovatel'skiy otdel rukopisey Rossiyskoy gosudarstvennoy biblioteki. F. 583. Op. 1. Kart. 11. D. 13.
Lichnoe delo Anatoliya Kornelievicha Vinogradova // Arkhiv Rossiyskoy gosudarstvennoy biblioteki. Op. 40. D. 706.
Lichnoe delo Lidii Ivanovny Speranskoy // Arkhiv Rossiyskoy gosudarstvennoy biblioteki. Op. 187. D. 145.
Nauchno-issledovatel'skiy otdel rukopisey Rossiyskoy gosudarstvennoy biblioteki. Delo fonda ¹ 350. List fonda.
Nauchno-issledovatel'skiy otdel rukopisey Rossiyskoy gosudarstvennoy biblioteki. Delo fonda ¹ 350. Pasport fonda.
Yusupov F. F. Memuary. V 2 kn. / Per. s frants. E. L. Kassirovoy. M.: Zakharov, 2015. 432 s.
Kratkaya kharakteristika fonda ¹ 411 // Otdel pis'mennykh istochnikov Gosudarstvennogo istoricheskogo muzeya. Opis' fonda ¹ 411.
Lichnye arkhivnye fondy v gosudarstvennykh khranilishchakh SSSR. V 3 t. T. 2. M.: B. i., 1963. 502 s.
Otchet Gosudarstvennogo Rumyantsevskogo muzeya za 1916–1922 gg. M.: Gosudarstvennoe izdatel'stvo, 1922. 415 s.
Andrey Belyy – Aleksey Petrovskiy. Perepiska. 1902–1932 gg. / Vstup. st., sost., komment. i podgot. teksta D. Malmstada. M.: Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, 2007. 293 s.
Lichnoe delo Alekseya Sergeevicha Petrovskogo // Arkhiv Rossiyskoy gosudarstvennoy biblioteki. Op. 241. D. 174.
A. S. Petrovskiy [nekrolog] // Bibliotechnaya zhizn'. Organ Gos. biblioteki SSSR im. V. I. Lenina. ¹ 40 (70). 3 oktyabrya 1958 g. S. 4.
Koval' L. M. Knyaz' Vasiliy Dmitrievich Golitsyn i Rumyantsevskiy muzey. M.: Pashkov dom, 2007. 333 s.
Medovaya E. Natali // Sudarushka. Prilozhenie k nezavisimoy narodnoy gazete «Vechernyaya Moskva». ¹ 8 (33). 25 fevralya 1992 g. S. 9–10.
Kryuchkova M. A., Parusheva V. G. Russkiy Versal'. Usad'by knyazey Golitsynykh Arkhangel'skoe i Nikol'skoe-Uryupino. M.: Izdatel'stvo «Russkiy Mir», 2012. 331 s.
Lichnoe delo Vasiliya Dmitrievicha Golitsyna // Arkhiv Rossiyskoy gosudarstvennoy biblioteki. Op. 22. D. 167.
Makovetskiy E.A. K voprosu o perspektivakh kontseptsii kul'turnogo naslediya // Filosofiya i kul'tura. - 2013. - 12. - C. 1788 - 1796. DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2013.12.3978.

References (transliteration):
Spiski knig Arkhangel'skoy biblioteki // Arkhiv Rossiyskoy gosudarstvennoy biblioteki. Op. 17. D. 159.
Losev A. F. Iz vospominaniy o V. O. Nilendere // Nauchno-issledovatel'skiy otdel rukopisey Rossiyskoy gosudarstvennoy biblioteki. F. 583. Op. 1. Kart. 11. D. 19.
Belyy A. Nachalo veka. Berlinskaya redaktsiya (1923). SPb.: Nauka, 2014. 1064 s.
Lichnoe delo Vladimira Ottonovicha Nilendera // Arkhiv Rossiyskoy gosudarstvennoy biblioteki. Op. 39. D. 351.
Biograficheskie dokumenty Vladimira Ottonovicha Nilendera // Nauchno-issledovatel'skiy otdel rukopisey Rossiyskoy gosudarstvennoy biblioteki. F. 583. Op. 1. Kart. 11. D. 13.
Lichnoe delo Anatoliya Kornelievicha Vinogradova // Arkhiv Rossiyskoy gosudarstvennoy biblioteki. Op. 40. D. 706.
Lichnoe delo Lidii Ivanovny Speranskoy // Arkhiv Rossiyskoy gosudarstvennoy biblioteki. Op. 187. D. 145.
Nauchno-issledovatel'skiy otdel rukopisey Rossiyskoy gosudarstvennoy biblioteki. Delo fonda ¹ 350. List fonda.
Nauchno-issledovatel'skiy otdel rukopisey Rossiyskoy gosudarstvennoy biblioteki. Delo fonda ¹ 350. Pasport fonda.
Yusupov F. F. Memuary. V 2 kn. / Per. s frants. E. L. Kassirovoy. M.: Zakharov, 2015. 432 s.
Kratkaya kharakteristika fonda ¹ 411 // Otdel pis'mennykh istochnikov Gosudarstvennogo istoricheskogo muzeya. Opis' fonda ¹ 411.
Lichnye arkhivnye fondy v gosudarstvennykh khranilishchakh SSSR. V 3 t. T. 2. M.: B. i., 1963. 502 s.
Otchet Gosudarstvennogo Rumyantsevskogo muzeya za 1916–1922 gg. M.: Gosudarstvennoe izdatel'stvo, 1922. 415 s.
Andrey Belyy – Aleksey Petrovskiy. Perepiska. 1902–1932 gg. / Vstup. st., sost., komment. i podgot. teksta D. Malmstada. M.: Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, 2007. 293 s.
Lichnoe delo Alekseya Sergeevicha Petrovskogo // Arkhiv Rossiyskoy gosudarstvennoy biblioteki. Op. 241. D. 174.
A. S. Petrovskiy [nekrolog] // Bibliotechnaya zhizn'. Organ Gos. biblioteki SSSR im. V. I. Lenina. ¹ 40 (70). 3 oktyabrya 1958 g. S. 4.
Koval' L. M. Knyaz' Vasiliy Dmitrievich Golitsyn i Rumyantsevskiy muzey. M.: Pashkov dom, 2007. 333 s.
Medovaya E. Natali // Sudarushka. Prilozhenie k nezavisimoy narodnoy gazete «Vechernyaya Moskva». ¹ 8 (33). 25 fevralya 1992 g. S. 9–10.
Kryuchkova M. A., Parusheva V. G. Russkiy Versal'. Usad'by knyazey Golitsynykh Arkhangel'skoe i Nikol'skoe-Uryupino. M.: Izdatel'stvo «Russkiy Mir», 2012. 331 s.
Lichnoe delo Vasiliya Dmitrievicha Golitsyna // Arkhiv Rossiyskoy gosudarstvennoy biblioteki. Op. 22. D. 167.
Makovetskiy E.A. K voprosu o perspektivakh kontseptsii kul'turnogo naslediya // Filosofiya i kul'tura. - 2013. - 12. - C. 1788 - 1796. DOI: 10.7256/1999-2793.2013.12.3978.

Review: based on the experience of the scientific school “History of the youth movement in Russia”, formed in the XXI century in Tambov State Technical University, the author reveals the possibility to use the modern central and regional archives in the study of Comsomol and it’s alternative organizations of the first post-revolutionary years. The article pays big attention to the role of sources that generally have not been used by researchers.

Keywords: history, source studies, methodology, historical records, archives, letters, youth, Komsomol, the NEP, the Communist Party.

References:
1. Benedetto Kroche. Teoriya i istoriya istoriografii. M.,1998.
2. Bodisko V.Kh. Glava 5. Dnevniki i pis'ma // Professionalizm istorika i ideologicheskaya kon'yuktura. Problemy istoriografii sovetskoy istorii. M., 1994. S.158-197.
3. Dvukhzhilova I. V. Vklad tambovskikh uchenykh v issledovanie molodezhnogo dvizheniya // Istoricheskie, filosofskie, politicheskie i yuridicheskie nauki, kul'turologiya i iskusstvovedenie. Voprosy teorii i praktiki. 2011. ¹ 5. Ch. 3. C. 46-51.
4. Demidova E. I., Vasil'ev A. A. Vnimanie k proshlomu kak zalog uspeshnogo budushchego rossiyskoy molodezhi // Istoricheskie, filosofskie, politicheskie i yuridicheskie nauki, kul'turologiya i iskusstvovedenie. Voprosy teorii i praktiki. 2011. ¹ 6. Ch. 3. C. 211-217.
5. Dik A. A., Slezin A. A. Obzory politicheskikh nastroeniy kak istochniki po izucheniyu sotsial'no-politicheskoy istorii 1920-kh godov // Vestnik Tambovskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta. 2005. T. 11. ¹ 4. S. 1044-1046.
6. Kabanov V.V. Istochnikovedenie istorii sovetskogo obshchestva. M.,1997.
7. Mironova T.V. Krest'yanskie pis'ma kak istoricheskiy istochnik obshchestvennogo soznaniya krest'yan 20-kh gg. // Istochnikovedenie KhKh stoletiya. M.,1993. S. 17-27.
8. Romanovskiy V.K. Pis'ma rabochikh kak istochnik dlya izucheniya sotsial'nogo oblika rabochego klassa 20-kh gg.// Vspomogatel'nye istoricheskie distsipliny. T.KhKhI. L.,1990. S.54-65.
9. Slezin A.A. Sel'kory i Stalin (neozhidannyy istochnik dlya sozdaniya portreta vozhdya) // Rus', Rossiya. Politicheskie aspekty istorii: Materialy Vseros. konf. SPb.: Nestor, 2002. S. 206-209.
10. Slezin A.A. Predsmertnye pis'ma komsomol'tsev-samoubiyts 1920-kh godov V nauchnaya konferentsiya TGTU. Tambov: TGTU 2000. S. 184-185.
11. Slezin A.A. Fondy redaktsiy mestnykh gazet kak istochniki po izucheniyu sotsial'no-politicheskoy istorii 1920-kh godov // Arkhivnye dokumenty kak istochnik formirovaniya predstavleniy ob istorii Otechestva: Materialy Vseros. nauch. konf. SPb., 2005. S. 194-197.
12. Shchuplenkov O.V. Istoriya molodezhnogo dvizheniya v Rossii v sovremennom issledovatel'skom pole // Istoricheskie, filosofskie, politicheskie i yuridicheskie nauki, kul'turologiya i iskusstvovedenie. Voprosy teorii i praktiki. 2012. ¹1. Ch. 2. S. 211-215.

References (transliteration):
1. Benedetto Kroche. Teoriya i istoriya istoriografii. M.,1998.
2. Bodisko V.Kh. Glava 5. Dnevniki i pis'ma // Professionalizm istorika i ideologicheskaya kon'yuktura. Problemy istoriografii sovetskoy istorii. M., 1994. S.158-197.
3. Dvukhzhilova I. V. Vklad tambovskikh uchenykh v issledovanie molodezhnogo dvizheniya // Istoricheskie, filosofskie, politicheskie i yuridicheskie nauki, kul'turologiya i iskusstvovedenie. Voprosy teorii i praktiki. 2011. ¹ 5. Ch. 3. C. 46-51.
4. Demidova E. I., Vasil'ev A. A. Vnimanie k proshlomu kak zalog uspeshnogo budushchego rossiyskoy molodezhi // Istoricheskie, filosofskie, politicheskie i yuridicheskie nauki, kul'turologiya i iskusstvovedenie. Voprosy teorii i praktiki. 2011. ¹ 6. Ch. 3. C. 211-217.
5. Dik A. A., Slezin A. A. Obzory politicheskikh nastroeniy kak istochniki po izucheniyu sotsial'no-politicheskoy istorii 1920-kh godov // Vestnik Tambovskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta. 2005. T. 11. ¹ 4. S. 1044-1046.
6. Kabanov V.V. Istochnikovedenie istorii sovetskogo obshchestva. M.,1997.
7. Mironova T.V. Krest'yanskie pis'ma kak istoricheskiy istochnik obshchestvennogo soznaniya krest'yan 20-kh gg. // Istochnikovedenie KhKh stoletiya. M.,1993. S. 17-27.
8. Romanovskiy V.K. Pis'ma rabochikh kak istochnik dlya izucheniya sotsial'nogo oblika rabochego klassa 20-kh gg.// Vspomogatel'nye istoricheskie distsipliny. T.KhKhI. L.,1990. S.54-65.
9. Slezin A.A. Sel'kory i Stalin (neozhidannyy istochnik dlya sozdaniya portreta vozhdya) // Rus', Rossiya. Politicheskie aspekty istorii: Materialy Vseros. konf. SPb.: Nestor, 2002. S. 206-209.
10. Slezin A.A. Predsmertnye pis'ma komsomol'tsev-samoubiyts 1920-kh godov V nauchnaya konferentsiya TGTU. Tambov: TGTU 2000. S. 184-185.
11. Slezin A.A. Fondy redaktsiy mestnykh gazet kak istochniki po izucheniyu sotsial'no-politicheskoy istorii 1920-kh godov // Arkhivnye dokumenty kak istochnik formirovaniya predstavleniy ob istorii Otechestva: Materialy Vseros. nauch. konf. SPb., 2005. S. 194-197.
12. Shchuplenkov O.V. Istoriya molodezhnogo dvizheniya v Rossii v sovremennom issledovatel'skom pole // Istoricheskie, filosofskie, politicheskie i yuridicheskie nauki, kul'turologiya i iskusstvovedenie. Voprosy teorii i praktiki. 2012. ¹1. Ch. 2. S. 211-215.

Review: the paper is devoted to the study of textual and visual components of the image of the 6th Anglo-Ashanti War (1873-1874), represented in the British press – the first mass-illustrated magazine «The Illustrated London News» and the conservative newspaper «The Morning Post». Particular attention is given to the narrative techniques by which the British colonial comprehended the Others, their cultural and religious backgrounds.

Keywords: history, image, colonial, the Others, Africans, Ashanti, representation, savage, ambivalence, perception.

References:
ISTOChNIKI
1. The Illustrated London News.1874.
2. The Morning Post.1874.
LITERATURA
1. Aries F. Chelovek pered litsom smerti. M.: Progress. Progress-akademiya, 1992.S.526.
2.Afanas'eva A. E. Britanskie puteshestvennitsy v Vostochnoy Afrike vo vtoroy polovine XIX v.: problemy statusa i reprezentatsiy. Yaroslavl', 2004. S.215.
3. Bogomolov S.A. Khudozhestvennaya versiya kontseptsii «Novogo imperializma» v neoromantizme R.L. Stivensona //Vestnik OGU.2004.¹2. //Sayt OGU http://www.osu.ru/doc/1026/author/501/lang/0
4.Voevodskiy A. V. Kolonial'naya politika Velikobritanii i transformatsiya traditsionnykh obshchestv Yuzhnoy Afriki v kontse XVIII - nachale XX veka. Moskva, 2003.S.387.
5. Chalmers J. A. Tijo Soda:a page of South African Mission World. Edinburg. 1878.
6.Gella T. N. U.Gladston, liberaly i Britanskaya imperiya v posledney treti veka. Orel, izdatel'stvo OGU. 2008.S.295.
7. Dovgopolova O. A Problema ambivalentnosti Chuzhogo v metodologicheskoy perspektive// Vestnik Odesskogo natsional'nogo universiteta. 2007.T. 12. Vyp. 15. Filosofiya..S.28-36.
8. Dronova N. V.Traditsii imperskogo myshleniya i novatsii imperskoy propagandy v Velikobritanii v 70-e gg. XIX veka // Novaya i noveyshaya istoriya: Mezhvuzovskiy sbornik. 2004.Vyp.21.Saratov: SGU.
9. Reade W. The Story of the Ashantee Campaign. London: Smith, Elder.1874.
10. Stefanenko T. G. Etnopsikhologiya. M.: Institut psikhologii RAN, «Akademicheskiy proekt», 1999. S.320.
11. Fedorova M. M. Obraz smerti v zapadnoevropeyskoy kul'ture// Zhurnal "Chelovek", M., 1991.¹ 5.

References (transliteration):
ISTOChNIKI
1. The Illustrated London News.1874.
2. The Morning Post.1874.
LITERATURA
1. Aries F. Chelovek pered litsom smerti. M.: Progress. Progress-akademiya, 1992.S.526.
2.Afanas'eva A. E. Britanskie puteshestvennitsy v Vostochnoy Afrike vo vtoroy polovine XIX v.: problemy statusa i reprezentatsiy. Yaroslavl', 2004. S.215.
3. Bogomolov S.A. Khudozhestvennaya versiya kontseptsii «Novogo imperializma» v neoromantizme R.L. Stivensona //Vestnik OGU.2004.¹2. //Sayt OGU http://www.osu.ru/doc/1026/author/501/lang/0
4.Voevodskiy A. V. Kolonial'naya politika Velikobritanii i transformatsiya traditsionnykh obshchestv Yuzhnoy Afriki v kontse XVIII - nachale XX veka. Moskva, 2003.S.387.
5. Chalmers J. A. Tijo Soda:a page of South African Mission World. Edinburg. 1878.
6.Gella T. N. U.Gladston, liberaly i Britanskaya imperiya v posledney treti veka. Orel, izdatel'stvo OGU. 2008.S.295.
7. Dovgopolova O. A Problema ambivalentnosti Chuzhogo v metodologicheskoy perspektive// Vestnik Odesskogo natsional'nogo universiteta. 2007.T. 12. Vyp. 15. Filosofiya..S.28-36.
8. Dronova N. V.Traditsii imperskogo myshleniya i novatsii imperskoy propagandy v Velikobritanii v 70-e gg. XIX veka // Novaya i noveyshaya istoriya: Mezhvuzovskiy sbornik. 2004.Vyp.21.Saratov: SGU.
9. Reade W. The Story of the Ashantee Campaign. London: Smith, Elder.1874.
10. Stefanenko T. G. Etnopsikhologiya. M.: Institut psikhologii RAN, «Akademicheskiy proekt», 1999. S.320.
11. Fedorova M. M. Obraz smerti v zapadnoevropeyskoy kul'ture// Zhurnal "Chelovek", M., 1991.¹ 5.

Review: the article is devoted to the study of anamnesis of therapeutic clinic of the Moscow State University in 1890th as a source on the history of everyday life of the second half of XIX century. The author analyzes the characteristics of this source and its new informational opportunities.

Keywords: history, daily life, source studies, methodology of history, casualty, gender, health care, professions and occupations, food, education and literacy.

References:
Aralovets N.A. Gorodskaya sem'ya v Rossii 1897-1926 gg. Istoriko-demograficheskiy aspekt. – M. 2003.
Arkhiv kliniki professora A.A. Ostroumova. 1892-1900. Obrabotany dlya pechati privat-dotsentom N.A. Kabanovym.. T. 1. Braytova bolezn'. M. 1903. T. 2 Patogenez khronicheskikh zheludochno-kishechnykh zabolevaniy. M. 1904.
Borodulin V.I., Berger E.E. Istoriya bolezni glazami istorika: arkhiv kliniki A.A. Ostroumova.// Dialog so vremenem. Al'manakh intellektual'noy istorii. Vyp. 11 M. 2004. (IVI RAN). Berger E.E., Borodulin V.I. Arkhiv kliniki A.A. Ostroumova. // Istoricheskiy vestnik MMA im. I.M. Sechenova. T. 16. M. 2002.
Golubinin L. V. Plan istorii bolezni fakul'tetskoy terapevticheskoy kliniki imperatorskogo moskovskogo universiteta. M. 1909.

References (transliteration):
Aralovets N.A. Gorodskaya sem'ya v Rossii 1897-1926 gg. Istoriko-demograficheskiy aspekt. – M. 2003.
Arkhiv kliniki professora A.A. Ostroumova. 1892-1900. Obrabotany dlya pechati privat-dotsentom N.A. Kabanovym.. T. 1. Braytova bolezn'. M. 1903. T. 2 Patogenez khronicheskikh zheludochno-kishechnykh zabolevaniy. M. 1904.
Borodulin V.I., Berger E.E. Istoriya bolezni glazami istorika: arkhiv kliniki A.A. Ostroumova.// Dialog so vremenem. Al'manakh intellektual'noy istorii. Vyp. 11 M. 2004. (IVI RAN). Berger E.E., Borodulin V.I. Arkhiv kliniki A.A. Ostroumova. // Istoricheskiy vestnik MMA im. I.M. Sechenova. T. 16. M. 2002.
Golubinin L. V. Plan istorii bolezni fakul'tetskoy terapevticheskoy kliniki imperatorskogo moskovskogo universiteta. M. 1909.

Review: in 1934 in the Russian State Archive of Film and Photographic Documents received the negatives of ethnographic content from the Institute of Nationalities of the USS. Based on the data collected from these photo documents, it has been suggested that they represented a range of photo collections of the Moscow ethnographic expeditions 1920-1931. The article shows how and why these visual sources dropped from the academic use, describes the work to restore their original line-up and making a List of photo collections based on the resulting documentary based. The results of this work again confirms the correctness of the position of a fund statement on archival records of documentary photographs, whose main task is to preserve the use of documentary photographs as a historical source.

Keywords: archiving, photographic documents, source study, CMN, history, ethnography, Yakovlev N.F., Schilling M.E., Pchelina E.G., the Caucasus.

References:
1.RGAOR. F. 5325. Op. 10. D. 2943. L. 12.

2.Androsova M. E. Nauchnaya organizatsiya i uchet dokumentov v gosudarstvennykh arkhivakh SSSR. – M.: VNIIDAD, 1989.

3.Batalin V. N., Malysheva G. E. Moskovskiy period v istorii RGAKFD (1926-1953) // Otechestvennye arkhivy. – 2006. - ¹ 5.

4.Devel' T. Materialy po tekhnike vedeniya fotoarkhiva pri nauchno-issledovatel'skikh uchrezhdeniyakh.- M.-L., 1954.

5.Dmitriev V. A., Kalashnikova N. M. O printsipakh komplektovaniya fondov etnomuzeev na sovremennom etape.// Sovetskaya Etnografiya 1989, ¹ 2.

6.Markovich V. I., Vinogradov V. B. Arkheologicheskie pamyatniki Checheno-Ingushskoy ASSR (materialy k arkheologicheskoy karte) // Checheno-Ingushetskiy NII istoriya yazyka i literatury pri SM Chech.-Ing. ASSR. Trudy, t. Kh.- Chech.-Ing. knizh.izd., 1960.

7.Mikhaylov V. P. Istoriya organizatsii kino-fotodokumental'nykh materialov v gosudarstvennykh arkhivakh SSSR (1917-1941). Avtoref.disser. na soiskanie uch.step.kand.ist.nauk. – M.: MGIAI, 1955.

8.Narody Kavkaza: Katalog-ukazatel' etnograficheskikh kollektsiy. – L.: GME SSSR, 1981.

9.Nauka i iskusstvo. – 1926, ¹1. – S. 222

10.Khodakovskiy N. N. Ob izuchenii tvorcheskoy laboratorii V. I. Lenina v sovremennoy literature i problemy poska dokumental'nykh materialov // Aktual'nye problemy sovremennogo arkhivovedeniya. – M., 1976.

References (transliteration):
1.RGAOR. F. 5325. Op. 10. D. 2943. L. 12.

2.Androsova M. E. Nauchnaya organizatsiya i uchet dokumentov v gosudarstvennykh arkhivakh SSSR. – M.: VNIIDAD, 1989.

3.Batalin V. N., Malysheva G. E. Moskovskiy period v istorii RGAKFD (1926-1953) // Otechestvennye arkhivy. – 2006. - ¹ 5.

4.Devel' T. Materialy po tekhnike vedeniya fotoarkhiva pri nauchno-issledovatel'skikh uchrezhdeniyakh.- M.-L., 1954.

5.Dmitriev V. A., Kalashnikova N. M. O printsipakh komplektovaniya fondov etnomuzeev na sovremennom etape.// Sovetskaya Etnografiya 1989, ¹ 2.

6.Markovich V. I., Vinogradov V. B. Arkheologicheskie pamyatniki Checheno-Ingushskoy ASSR (materialy k arkheologicheskoy karte) // Checheno-Ingushetskiy NII istoriya yazyka i literatury pri SM Chech.-Ing. ASSR. Trudy, t. Kh.- Chech.-Ing. knizh.izd., 1960.

7.Mikhaylov V. P. Istoriya organizatsii kino-fotodokumental'nykh materialov v gosudarstvennykh arkhivakh SSSR (1917-1941). Avtoref.disser. na soiskanie uch.step.kand.ist.nauk. – M.: MGIAI, 1955.

8.Narody Kavkaza: Katalog-ukazatel' etnograficheskikh kollektsiy. – L.: GME SSSR, 1981.

9.Nauka i iskusstvo. – 1926, ¹1. – S. 222

10.Khodakovskiy N. N. Ob izuchenii tvorcheskoy laboratorii V. I. Lenina v sovremennoy literature i problemy poska dokumental'nykh materialov // Aktual'nye problemy sovremennogo arkhivovedeniya. – M., 1976.

Review: the article reveals the informational potential of the confession statements of XVIII-XIX centuries. On the example of the famous merchant family Tretyakovs’, the author shows that from this historical source a unique information about various aspects of the lives of several generations of pre-revolutionary Moscow merchants can be extracted: the denominational activity, links with a particular parish, places of residence, consisting of residents of each house, everyday side of the life, etc. The author also lists some of the limitations associated with using this source.

Keywords: history, source study, Tretyakovs’ family, merchants, Moscow, confession statements, parishes, soroka (group of churches, formed the diocese), everyday life, Orthodoxy.

References:
1. Anisov L. M. Tret'yakov. M.: Molodaya gvardiya, 2004.
2. Botkina A. P. P. M. Tret'yakov. M., 1986.
3. Varlamova N. A. Ispovedal'nye vedomosti 1737 g. kak istochnik po istorii naseleniya Peterburga // Problemy otechestvennoy i vseobshchey istorii. Vyp. 11. Genezis i razvitie feodalizma v Rossii. L., 1988. S. 187-196.
4. Ziloti V. P. V dome Tret'yakova. M., 1998.
5. Kabuzan V. M. Narodonaselenie Rossii v XVIII — pervoy polovine XIX v.: Po materialam reviziy. M., 1963. S. 82-84.
6. Maloyaroslavets. Materialy dlya istorii goroda XVII i XVIII stoletiy. M., 1884.
7. Markova M. A. Istochniki po istorii naseleniya Sankt-Peterburga i stolichnoy gubernii: 1730-1740-e gg. // Materialy tserkovno-prikhodskogo ucheta naseleniya kak istoriko-demograficheskiy istochnik. Barnaul, 2007. S. 103-120.
8. Mironov B. N. Ispovedal'nye vedomosti — istochnik o chislennosti i sotsial'noy strukture pravoslavnogo naseleniya Rossii XVIII — pervoy poloviny XIX v. // Vspomogatel'nye istoricheskie distsipliny. T. XX. L., 1989. S. 102-117.
9. Pavel i Sergey Tret'yakovy: Zhizn'. Kollektsiya. Muzey. M.: Makhaon, 2006.
10. Romanyuk S. K. Iz istorii moskovskikh pereulkov. M.: Moskovskiy rabochiy, 1988.
11. Shumov P. S. Iz vospominaniy o Pavle Mikhayloviche Tret'yakove // Dushepoleznoe chtenie. 1899. Ch. 1. ¹ 3. S. 379-383.
12. Shcherbachev O. V. Ispovednye vedomosti moskovskikh sorokov kak istochnik po genealogii dvoryanstva serediny XVIII veka // Izvestiya Russkogo genealogicheskogo obshchestva. Vyp. 12. SPb., 2003. S. 25-52.
13. Yudenkova T. V. Pavel i Sergey Tret'yakovy: Predprinimatel'skaya i blagotvoritel'naya deyatel'nost' // Otechestvennaya istoriya. 2007. ¹ 2. S. 16-17.

References (transliteration):
1. Anisov L. M. Tret'yakov. M.: Molodaya gvardiya, 2004.
2. Botkina A. P. P. M. Tret'yakov. M., 1986.
3. Varlamova N. A. Ispovedal'nye vedomosti 1737 g. kak istochnik po istorii naseleniya Peterburga // Problemy otechestvennoy i vseobshchey istorii. Vyp. 11. Genezis i razvitie feodalizma v Rossii. L., 1988. S. 187-196.
4. Ziloti V. P. V dome Tret'yakova. M., 1998.
5. Kabuzan V. M. Narodonaselenie Rossii v XVIII — pervoy polovine XIX v.: Po materialam reviziy. M., 1963. S. 82-84.
6. Maloyaroslavets. Materialy dlya istorii goroda XVII i XVIII stoletiy. M., 1884.
7. Markova M. A. Istochniki po istorii naseleniya Sankt-Peterburga i stolichnoy gubernii: 1730-1740-e gg. // Materialy tserkovno-prikhodskogo ucheta naseleniya kak istoriko-demograficheskiy istochnik. Barnaul, 2007. S. 103-120.
8. Mironov B. N. Ispovedal'nye vedomosti — istochnik o chislennosti i sotsial'noy strukture pravoslavnogo naseleniya Rossii XVIII — pervoy poloviny XIX v. // Vspomogatel'nye istoricheskie distsipliny. T. XX. L., 1989. S. 102-117.
9. Pavel i Sergey Tret'yakovy: Zhizn'. Kollektsiya. Muzey. M.: Makhaon, 2006.
10. Romanyuk S. K. Iz istorii moskovskikh pereulkov. M.: Moskovskiy rabochiy, 1988.
11. Shumov P. S. Iz vospominaniy o Pavle Mikhayloviche Tret'yakove // Dushepoleznoe chtenie. 1899. Ch. 1. ¹ 3. S. 379-383.
12. Shcherbachev O. V. Ispovednye vedomosti moskovskikh sorokov kak istochnik po genealogii dvoryanstva serediny XVIII veka // Izvestiya Russkogo genealogicheskogo obshchestva. Vyp. 12. SPb., 2003. S. 25-52.
13. Yudenkova T. V. Pavel i Sergey Tret'yakovy: Predprinimatel'skaya i blagotvoritel'naya deyatel'nost' // Otechestvennaya istoriya. 2007. ¹ 2. S. 16-17.

Review: The article tells about the Japanese art collector S. Kitaev (1864–1927) and his collection of Japanese art, it was the largest one in Russia and one of the largest ones in Europe. A few years after the October Revolution of 1917 the collection became part of the collection of the State Museum of Fine Arts named after A. S. Pushkin and was never fully analyzed or exhibited. The author worked on the catalog of engravings from this collection and found that compared with archiv information on the items of the collection the what is now kept in the Pushkin Museum is much less on the contents and quality.The article is devoted to the study of this problem.

Keywords: cultural history, collections, art, painting, drawing, art collectors, Japan, Russia, devastation, museums.