History of international relations
Reference:
Babintseva E.A. —
On the Issue of Environmental Protection in the Context of Globalization in the Second Half of the XX - Early XXI Centuries.
// International relations.
– 2018. – ¹ 2.
– P. 1 - 7.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2018.2.25798 URL: http://en. nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=25798
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The subject of the study of international relations environmental development is a complex of historical and political factors integrated into international relations on environmental protection and aimed at prevention of climatic destabilization of the planet, prevention of extensive development and the negative consequences of anthropogenic interference with the biosphere. The aim of the work is to elicit the reasons and ways of popularization of the concept of environmentalism on the international level in the XX-XXI centuries in the orderly process of international relations development, as well as to identify the consequential risks to the international political system. In the course of the study the author used a method of analysis of legal sources and a record of meetings at the highest level. With the help of inductive and deductive techniques the study compares environmental concepts in different periods of international relations development. The analysis of thematic international conferences and multilateral treaties is conducted. The historical sequence of international relations development in the field of nature protection is determined. The practice of international ecological concepts integration in the territory of the leading world powers is compared. The scientific novelty of the research is determined by consideration of the current stages of implementation and modernization of the UNFCCC provisions and the dynamically developing agendas of the parties’ annual conferences. The results revealed probability of negative application of the environmental standards in the form of interference with the sovereign foundations of statehood with regard to the leading countries. The author marks a positive impact of peaceful partnership in the sphere of environment, and its unifying role in the international community. These conclusions can be applied to further analysis of implementation of the conception of sustainable development in practice and in discussions at the annual conferences of the UNFCCC parties, as well as in teaching practice for students of the "International relations" field of study.
Keywords:
climate change, the Paris Agreement, ecohumanism, environmentalism, ecology, nature protection, the UNFCCC, the concept of sustainable developmen, environment, COP
References (transliterated):
Problemy okruzhayushchey cheloveka sredy // Rezolyutsii 23-y sessii (1968 god), A/RES/2398 (XXIII), 1733-e plenarnoe zasedanie, 3 dekabrya 1968 g. [Elektronnyy resurs]. URL: https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/RESOLUTION/GEN/NR0/245/94/IMG/NR024594.pdf?OpenElement (data obrashcheniya: 03.02.2018).
Pustokhina N.G., Valiev V.N. Kontseptsiya ustoychivogo razvitiya: Osnovnye polozheniya // Izvestiya Ural'skogo gosudarstvennogo gornogo universiteta. 2015. ¹2(38). S. 37-41.
Rezolyutsii 27-y sessii (1972 god) // Ofits. sayt Organizatsii Ob'edinennykh natsiy). [Elektronnyy resurs]. URL: http://www.un.org/ru/ga/27/docs/27res.shtml (data obrashcheniya: 16.02.2018).
Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, 21st plenary meeting, 5-16 June 1972, Chapter 11 // Library of Congress Web Archives Collection, UNEP). [Elektronnyy resurs]. URL: http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20150314024203/http%3A//www.unep.org/Documents.Multilingual/Default.asp?documentid%3D97%26articleid%3D1503 (data obrashcheniya: 03.02.2018).
Regional configurations of international relations
Reference:
Diansaee B. —
The Role of Iran in the Middle East Crisis: the Factor of Sanctions Relief on the Nuclear Programme (2015-2017)
// International relations.
– 2018. – ¹ 2.
– P. 8 - 13.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2018.2.25874 URL: http://en. nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=25874
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The article analyzes the main factors influencing the formation of Iran's foreign policy in the Middle East in the context of solving the problem of settlement of the Iran’s nuclear program and application of the sanctions regime. A special attention is given to consideration of the challenges to Iran’s security and regional stability after the sanctions regime lifting and settlement of the Syrian conflict. The main components of the foreign policy strategy and national priorities of the IRI with regard to the Middle East region as well as to the countries-allies are considered. It is methodologically reasonable to consider these issues on the basis of the defensive realism position, which allows the author to explore the features of Iran’s foreign policy. The author used scientific analytic methods (logical, contrastive-comparative, inductive-deductive, etc). A system approach made it possible to give an integral analysis of the multi-level system of Iran's involvement in international relations in the Middle East. It is emphasized that after the talks on the Iran nuclear deal between Iran and the P5+1, and the conclusion of the JCPOA (2015) Iran hasn’t changed its regional strategy. The author concludes that despite the short-term effects that have taken place in the regional dimension after the conclusion of the JCPOA, this agreement is still not a decisive factor determining the direction of regional changes. In the long term the situation in the Middle East and the role of Iran in it will be determined by internal conditions and regional trends, as well as the factor of international involvement in regional processes.
Keywords:
security, strategy, sanctions, JCPOA, Syrian crises, Middle East, foreign policy, Iran, regional threats, international relations
References (transliterated):
An EU Strategy for Relations with Iran after the Nuclear Deal // European Parliament's Committee on Foreign Affairs, 23 June 2016. P. 4-24. [electronic source]. available at: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/IDAN/2016/578005/ EXPO_IDA/2016/578005_EN.pdf (reference date: 31.12.2016).
حل پرونده هستهای؛ سلامی دوباره به جهان //آفتاب / Settlement of the nuclear deal. Second salute to Iran // Aftabnews.ir. 2015. C. 2-4. [electronic source]. Available at: http://aftabnews.ir/fa/news/303023/حل-پرونده-هستهای-سلامی-دوباره-به-جهان (reference date: 01.05.2016).
رئیس
World politics
Reference:
Avatkov V.A., Shelestov S. —
The Key Mechanisms for Implementation of Turkey's Foreign Policy Interests in the Middle East
// International relations.
– 2018. – ¹ 2.
– P. 14 - 24.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2018.2.25859 URL: http://en. nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=25859
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The authors of the article focus on the efforts of the Republic of Turkey to strengthen its position in the Middle East. The subject of the study is the tools and mechanisms used by Ankara in pursuit of its own foreign policy interests in the region. Such mechanisms as military operations in the territory of the neighbouring States, military exercises, military bases construction, attraction of investment in their own economy, direct investment in the economy of the States in the region, as well as provision of humanitarian aid are the focus of the authors' attention. The article places a heavy emphasis on the impact and emerging trends connected with the use of these tools. Given absence of Turkey's open foreign policy conception, the authors refer to such applied methods of political analysis as a content and event analysis as well as a comparative analysis to consider the implemented tools and to identify the existing trends. The scientific novelty of the study lies in introduction of Turkey's foreign policy instruments classification according to the spheres of their application. The main conclusion of the study is as follows: Turkey applies a full range of available foreign policy mechanisms and tools to create a favourable configuration of the Middle East and pursues an independent foreign policy based on its own national interests.
Keywords:
humanitarian aid, the Persian Gulf, foreign policy tools, Syria, Irak, AKP, the Middle East, Turkey, military operations, coup attempt
References (transliterated):
Turtsiya i Iran pereydut na vzaimoraschety v natsional'nykh valyutakh. MK Turtsiya. [Elektronnyy resurs] URL:http://mk-turkey.ru/economics/2017/10/04/turciya-i-iran-perejdut-na-vzaimoraschyoty-v-nacionalnyh-valyutah.html
Türkiye'den İran'a 10 milyar dolarlık yatırım. Sputnik Türkiye. [Elektronnyy resurs] URL:https://tr.sputniknews.com/ekonomi/201610271025498813-turkiye-iran-yatirim/
Türkiye Ile Misir Arasindaki Ekonomik Ilişkilerde Yeni Bir Adim. DEİK. [Elektronnyy resurs] URL:https://www.deik.org.tr/basin-aciklamalari-turkiye-ile-misir-arasindaki-br-ekonomik-iliskilerde-yeni-bir-adim
Itogi Stambul'skogo sammita OIS. TRT Russkiy. [Elektronnyy resurs] URL:http://www.trt.net.tr/russian/blizhnii-vostok-vzghliad-iz-turtsii/2017/12/21/itoghi-stambul-skogho-sammita-ois-872564
Turtsiya osudila reshenie SShA priznat' Ierusalim stolitsey Izrailya. Izvestiya. [Elektronnyy resurs] URL:https://iz.ru/680016/2017-12-06/turtciia-osudila-reshenie-ssha-priznat-ierusalim-stolitcei-izrai
Russian foreign policy
Reference:
Vardan G. —
The Consequences of Recognition of Abkhazia's Independence by the Russian Federation for Turkey-Abkhazia Relations
// International relations.
– 2018. – ¹ 2.
– P. 25 - 31.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2018.2.25993 URL: http://en. nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=25993
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The Object of study is a comparative analysis of Turkey-Abkhazia relations before and after recognition of the independence of Abkhazia by the Russian Federation. The aim of the article is a study of the influence of the new policy adopted by the Russian Federation in the Abkhazian conflict on Turkey-Abkhazia relations. As a result of these changes, official Ankara faced new reality in the region, although during the Georgian-Abkhaz war and after it Ankara managed to take a decisive position in the life of the new independent Abkhaz state. The analysis will focus mainly on bilateral economic relations and the revision of Turkey's policy towards Abkhazia. To study the above objects the scientific research was based on the principles of historicism and scientific objectivity. In the course of study we used a method of comparative analysis of historical events which influenced the topic of the scientific work. The novelty of the scientific research lies in exposure of the positive and negative changes in Turkey-Abkhazia relations that occurred after the “five-day war” in August and recognition of the independence of Abkhazia and South Ossetia by the Russian Federation. After these events the role of Moscow that became the main guarantor of security, a partner and an ally of the Abkhaz state, sharply increased in bilateral relations between Ankara and Sukhumi.
Keywords:
GeorgianTurkish relations, Abkhazian diaspora, Transcaucasia, AbkhazGeorgian conflict, War in Abkhazia, AbkhaziaTurkey relations, Russian Federation, RussiaTurkey relations, Turkey, Abkhazia
References (transliterated):
Economic Relations between Turkey and Georgia, Official website of MFA of Republic of Turkey https://goo.gl/CuYN1K
Political Relations between Turkey and Georgia, Official website of MFA of Republic of Turkey https://goo.gl/Hpwr6f
Otchety Gosudarstvennogo tamozhennogo komiteta Respubliki Abkhaziya https://goo.gl/po6mV2
Russia and Turkey agree on visa-free travel, Russia Today, 18.10.2010, https://goo.gl/k81Wb4
Tovarooborot mezhdu Abkhaziey i Turtsiey prevyshaet 250 mln dollarov․Kharazi, Eurasia Daily, 29.07.2015, https://goo.gl/pt7Koj
Rasporyazhenie Prem'er-ministra Respubliki Abkhaziya Artura Mikvabiya, 11.01.2016, https://goo.gl/WCxVeh
Rossiya otmenila sanktsii v otnoshenii Abkhazii, Ria Novosti, 16.05.2008 https://goo.gl/L7omb3
Dogovor mezhdu Rossiyskoy Federatsiey i Respublikoy Abkhaziya o soyuznichestve i strategicheskom partnerstve․ 24.11.2014, https://goo.gl/84JPr2
Gül urges respect for Georgias territorial integrity and sovereignty, Todays Zaman, 13 August 2008, https://goo.gl/SUaLv
Question at hand
Reference:
Kulumbegova L.T. —
The Problem of National Identity as a Factor contributing to Emergence of Unrecognized States in the Post-Soviet Space
// International relations.
– 2018. – ¹ 2.
– P. 32 - 39.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2018.2.26037 URL: http://en. nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=26037
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The subject of the study is ethnic-and-social causes of emergence of unrecognized States in the post-Soviet space. The national policy pursued by the Russian Empire and later by the Soviet Union has sown the seeds of ethnic and political conflicts in the post-Soviet space. The process of ethnic mobilization, which is based on the problem of ethnic identity of different cultures living in the territory of the post-Soviet space, started after the collapse of the Soviet Union. It resulted in formation of unrecognized States in Transnistria and the Caucasus, the emergence of which is conditioned upon the occurrence of ethno-political conflict. The methods of historical and political sciences, in particular, monographic, descriptive and comparative historical methods were used in the study. The novelty of the study lies in discovery of the prerequisites for the emergence of ethnic and political conflicts in the post-Soviet space as a result of the research of the impact of the problems of national identity of Nations living in the post-Soviet space. The study revealed the peculiarities of the national policy of the Russian Empire and the USSR, which inspired the development of ethnic tension after the collapse of the USSR. The author investigated the mechanism of ethno-political conflicts in the post-Soviet space.
Keywords:
the post-Soviet space, territory, unrecognized state, ethnos, nation, identity, conflict, parent state, republic, self-proclaimed state
References (transliterated):
Smit D. «Sovetskie siroty»: istoricheskie korni Pridnestrovskogo, Nagorno-Karabakhskogo, Abkhazskogo i Yuzhno-Osetinskogo konfliktov [Tekst] / D. Smit // Sravnitel'noe konstitutsionnoe obozrenie. 2006. ¹ 4 (57). S. 126-134
Savva M. V. Konfliktnyy potentsial mezhetnicheskikh otnosheniy na Severnom Kavkaze [Tekst] / M. V. Savva // Tsentral'naya Aziya i Kavkaz. 2004. ¹ 3 (33). S. 71-76.
Postsovetskie konflikty [Tekst] // Pro et Contra. 2006. ¹ 5-6 (34). S. 21-26
Pryakhin V. F. Regional'nye konflikty na postsovetskom prostranstve [Tekst] / V. F. Pryakhin. M., 2002. 171 s.
Nepriznannye gosudarstva: vozmozhnosti i vyzovy XXI veka [Tekst] // Mirovaya ekonomika i mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya. 2006. ¹ 12. S. 62-66
Muzaev T. M. Etnicheskiy separatizm v Rossii [Tekst] / T. M. Muzaev. M.: OOO «Panorama», 1999. 238 s.
Meleshkina E. Yu. Setsessii na postimperskom prostranstve: Kosovo, Abkhaziya, Yuzhnaya Osetiya [Tekst] / E. Yu. Meleshkina // Aktual'nye problemy Evropy. 2015. ¹1. S.56-62
Markedonov S.
History of international relations
Reference:
Kalinin D.M. —
The Analytical Background Report of the US Intelligence Community on the Situation in the USSR at the Final Stage of its Existence (1989-1991)
// International relations.
– 2018. – ¹ 2.
– P. 40 - 49.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2018.2.26244 URL: http://en. nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=26244
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The author gives a detailed analysis of the changes in assessment of the USSR by the Intelligence community of the United States during the period from 1989 until 1991 on the basis of documents from the archives of the CIA and the National security archive (USA). The main goal is to analyze the information and analytical reports of the U.S. Intelligence community to expand the understanding of how the ideas about the USSR changed in the Intelligence community in the period from 1989 to 1991. The object of study is the analytical work of the iIntelligence community of the United States and the subject is the analysts' assessment of the situation in the USSR in 1989 - 1991. The author pays particular attention to consideration of possible scenarios, as well as to differences in approaches to forecasting the situation in the Intelligence community. The novelty of the study lies in the involved sources which were introduced to scientific circulation for the first time and in the emphasis of the study on the assessment of the situation in the USSR by the Intelligence community. The author concludes that the information contained in the analytical reports differs significantly depending on the Department wherein they were made, and on the time of writing. The analysts' conclusions were not confirmed by the historical process, and the myth of the US Intelligence services' omniscience and their role in the collapse of the USSR is under considerable doubt.
Keywords:
U.S. Soviet relations, analytical work, CIA, U. S. Intelligence Community, B. N. Yeltsin, M. S. Gorbachev, G. H. W. Bush, Cold War, Collapse of the USSR, Republics of the USSR
References (transliterated):
SOV89-10077 Gorbachevs Domestic Gambles and Instability in USSR https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/csi-publications/books-and-monographs/at-cold-wars-end-us-intelligence-on-the-soviet-union-and-eastern-europe-1989-1991/16526pdffiles/SOV89-10077.pdf
SOV M 91-20177 The Soviet Cauldron https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB364/docs_am/10)%201991.04.25%20Soviet%20Cauldron%20(Apr%2025%201991)%20SOV91-20177[1].pdf
Richelson J. The US Intelligence Community, Westview Press, 2008.
Rising Political Instability Under Gorbachev 1989-04 http://nsarchive.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB364/docs_am/4)%201989.04%20Rising%20Political%20Instability%20under%20Gorbachev%20(Apr%201989)%2019890401a[1].pdf
NIE 4-1-84. National Intelligence Estimate. Warning of War in Europe: Changing Warsaw Pact Planning and Forces https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/csi-publications/books-and-monographs/at-cold-wars-end-us-intelligence-on-the-soviet-union-and-eastern-europe-1989-1991/
Regional configurations of international relations
Reference:
Chebotarev Y.A. —
The Dynamic Balance between the Regional Subsystems of the Western Hemisphere: pan-Americanism and Latin Americanism
// International relations.
– 2018. – ¹ 2.
– P. 50 - 60.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2018.2.26335 URL: http://en. nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=26335
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The article examines the regional processes in the Western Hemisphere in the context of their development and competition throughout their history. The author pays special attention to their current state. The movements of "pan-Americanism" and "Latin Americanism" as well as their embodiment in the regional configuration of the Western Hemisphere in General and Latin America in particularare the central issuesof the study. The article outlines the factors of their development and interrelations in an attempt to identify their underlying patterns; to determine more precisely the nature of the current situation in this macro-region; to categorize the ongoing processes in the Western Hemisphere more clearly; and to facilitate their theoretical and practical study through optimization of the set of concepts. In particular, the author propose the concept of dynamic balance as definition of the form of interrelations between the pan-American and Latin American vectors of development of the Hemisphere's regional configuration which is different from the concepts of "cyclicity" and other forms of explanation of the occurring processes proposed in the past. The article concludes that the position of dynamic balance in the Western Hemisphere is objectively inevitable in the current conditions, it describes its key determinants and patterns, mechanisms of its stability and the possibilities of change.
Keywords:
dynamic balance, Latin Americanism, pan-Americanism, regional subsystems, regionalism, integration, The Western Hemisphere, Latin America, patterns, vector of development
References (transliterated):
El Protocolo de Tegucigalpa: Tratado Marco del Sistema de la Integración Centroamericana. 28 de abril de 2015 // www.sica.int/consulta/documento.aspx?idn=94290&idm=1
I Cumbre La Habana, Cuba ACUERDO ENTRE VENEZUELA Y CUBA PARA LA APLICACIÓN DEL ALBA. 14 dekabrya 2004 g. // http://www.portalalba.org/index.php/2014-03-29-22-04-24/documentos/1220-2004-12-14-i-cumbre-la-habana-cuba-acuerdo-entre-venezuela-y-cuba-para-la-aplicacion-del-alba
Solingen E. Comparative Regionalism: Economics and Security. London/NY: Routledge, 2015
«Doktrina Monro». // http://www.law.ou.edu/ushistory/monrodoc.shtml
Antyasov M.V. Panamerikanizm: ideologiya i politika. M., «Mysl'», 1981.
Afontsev S.A. Modeli mezhdunarodnoy integratsii: mezhdunarodnyy opyt i uroki dlya Rossii. // Rossiya v sovremennykh integratsionnykh protsessakh: kollektivnaya monografiya. Pod red. S.A. Afontseva i M.M. Lebedevoy. M.: MGIMO-Universitet, 2014.
Baykov A.A. Novye liki integratsii. // Mezhdunarodnye protsessy, 2015. ¹1 t.13
Baykov A.A. Sravni
Modern foreign policy concepts and doctrine
Reference:
Owusu-Ampaw M. —
South-South Cooperation: A New Model of Mutual Partnership between China and Africa
// International relations.
– 2018. – ¹ 2.
– P. 61 - 69.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2018.2.26470 URL: http://en. nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=26470
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For decades, China and Africa have been united by cooperation that touches on several fields. But this cooperation has significantly grown over the past decade to the point where it is considered a form of “abusive exploitation of Africa by China” by some observers. Yet, in reality this partnership can be described as cooperation void of risk of being too wrong, win-win. This article raises the question of existence of Western monopoly in terms cooperation aimed at development and growing multiplicity of cooperation policies in this area. It also considers the practices of China’s “South-South” cooperation with African countries and then compares them to traditional North-South cooperation policies. The China’s authorities are deploying South-South cooperation rhetoric and are positioning themselves as reference for developing countries. China is trying to cultivate a positive image in Africa by mobilizing a wide range of academic, cultural, media, economic, and other instruments contributing to strengthening of its power of attraction and the promotion of its development model on the continent. The article assesses the impact of Chinese cooperation on development dynamics in Africa in terms of challenges and opportunities.
Keywords:
South-South cooperation, win-win, seduction, coercion, Soft power, cooperation, Africa, China, North-South cooperation, Peaceful Coexistence
References (transliterated):
Nye Joseph, Bound to Lead. The Changing Nature of American Power, New York, Basic Book, 1990.
Strange Susan, Protectionism and World Politics, International Organisation vol. 39 1985 pp. 233-259.
Nye Joseph Soft Power the Means to Success in World Politics, New York, Public Affairs, 2004.
Nye Joseph Soft Power the Means to Success in World Politics, op. cit., pp. 5-16.
Ibid
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Peoples Republic of China, Premier Zhou Enlais Tour of Asian and African Countries, Pekin, 17 November 2000.
ibid
Jiang Zemin, Build a Wall off Society in an All-Round Way and Create a New Situation in Building Socialism with Chinese Characteristics , Report Delivered at the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Pekin, 8 November 2002.
Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, The Central Committee Decision Concerning the Major Issue of Deeping Cultural System Reforms, Promoting the Great Development and Prosperity of Socialist Culture, Xhinhua News
International conflicts
Reference:
Mamontova E.A., Arslanov R.A. —
The Prerequisites and Nature of the Yugoslav Crisis (1990-1999) in Russian and Foreign Journalism
// International relations.
– 2018. – ¹ 2.
– P. 70 - 82.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2018.2.26487 URL: http://en. nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=26487
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The Object of this research is the Yugoslav crisis (1990-1999), the subject of the research is perception and interpretation of the Yugoslav crisis in Russian and Foreign (Serbian, English) journalism of the 1990s – early 2000s.
The author considers the attitude of domestic and foreign (Serbian and Anglo-American) journalism toward the events of the initial stage of the crisis in Yugoslavia in the 1990s, various interpretations of the prerequisites of these tragic events, examines comprehension of their contents and international significance.
The article differentiates positions of Russian publicists, reveals the ideological and political foundations of the views of patriotic and liberal movements representatives, analyses the factors that influenced the perception of the crisis by Serbian and English-speaking authors.
The scientific significance of the research topic lies in study of the reflection of the crisis phenomena in journalism, as well as in identification and analysis of the methods and means of its impact on public consciousness, the policy of the State.
In the course of study, the author reached the following conclusion: the representatives of domestic, Serbian and Anglo-American journalism in their assessment of the prerequisites and nature of the crisis in Yugoslavia (1990-1999) mark out interethnic, ideological, foreign policy and internal factors that led to disintegration of the unified State.
Keywords:
disintegration of Yugoslavia, factors of the crisis, interpretations, comparison and analysis, Yugoslav crisis, foreign journalism, domestic journalism, differentiation of positions, SFRY, Slobodan Milosevic
References (transliterated):
Listaya stranitsy serbskoy istorii... M.: Indrik, 2014.-368 c.
Ochagi trevogi v Vostochnoy Evrope (Drama natsional'nykh protivorechiy). M.: Institut slavyanovedeniya i balkanistiki RAN, 1994. 329 s.
Yugoslaviya v XX veke. Ocherki politicheskoy istorii. M.: Indrik, 2011. 888 s.
Balkanskiy krizis: narody i politika [Tekst] / M. Yu. Martynova; RAN. In-t etnologii i antropologii.-Moskva : Staryy sad, 1998.-465 s.
Razval Yugoslavii. Osnovnye techeniya 1918-2003 gg. : Ist. predposylki grazhd. voyny v Yugoslavii 1991-1995 gg. Agressiya NATO protiv serb. naroda 1999 g. / Veselin Dzhuretich ; Serb. akad. nauk i iskusstva (Balkanol. in-t) g. Belgrad.-M. : StroySpetsMontazh, 2003 (Tip. AO Mol. gvardiya). 647 s.
-druga sudbonosna godina Jugoslavije [Tekst] / Đorđe Jončić.-Beograd : BeoSing, 2006.-177 s.
Graanski rat u Khrvatskoj, 1991-1995 / Mikhajlo M. Vuchini.-Beograd : Udruzhee Srba iz Krajine i Khrvatske : Srpsko kulturno drushtvo "Zora", 2004.-VIII, 199, XVIII s
Judgement day : the trial of Slobod
International conflicts
Reference:
Galoyan N. —
The Nagorny Karabakh Conflict: Historical Background, Chronology and Solutions
// International relations.
– 2018. – ¹ 2.
– P. 83 - 89.
DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2018.2.26560 URL: http://en. nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=26560
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The object of the study is the Nagorny Karabakh conflict, its chronology and the situation that developed after the events of April, 2016.
The subject of the research is disclosure of the features of the Nagorny Karabakh conflict, its impact on the inter-state relations between Armenia and Azerbaijan, as well as the outline of further prospects for resolution of the conflict.
Special attention is given to exposure of the historical background of the conflict and its influence on the future development of events in the region.
The author focuses on the positions of the interested parties and future prospects for the resolution of the Nagorny Karabakh conflict. The issues related to the Nagorny Karabakh conflict have been studied of K. Hajiyev, V. Huseynov, A. Krylov, S. Markedonov, S. Minasyan, and others.
However, in modern works on international relations and conflict resolution the author doesn’t observe sufficient coverage of intensification of the Nagorny Karabakh conflict (April, 2016) and the prospects for its resolution at the present stage.
The article is based on the principles of historicism, consistency, objectivity, the methodological basis of the study is a historical and genetic method. The main conclusion of the study is that a detailed analysis of the positions of the parties indicates that it is quite realistic to arrive at a compromise.
Azerbaijan will eventually grant formal sovereignty to the NKAO which will de facto become part of Armenia. The sovereignty will be the bargaining chip between official Baku and the Western world which will find something to offer - profitable contracts on energy resources transportation or membership in NATO.
The most probable situation can be defined as "sustained instability" which implies a sequence of negotiation rounds with violation of truce and armed incidents."
Keywords:
foreign policy, parties concerned, political conflict, ethnoterritorial conflict, Nagorno-Karabakh, South Caucasus, regional security, Armenia, Azerbaijan, balance of power
References (transliterated):
Rafal A. 5 glavnykh voprosov o novoy voyne v Karabakhe / A. Rafal // Strana.UA. 2016. ¹ 4.
Melik-Shakhnazarov A. Nagornyy Karabakh. Fakty protiv lzhi / A. Melik-Shakhnazarov. Erevan, 2009. 792 s.
McGuinness D. Armenians flee Syria for their ancestral homeland / D. McGuinness // BBC News. 2013. ¹ 3.
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